Quantum rings in gapped graphene with topological disclinations: electronic structure and shannon entropy analysis
摘要
We investigate the electronic properties of a two-dimensional quantum ring embedded in a gapped graphene layer containing a topological disclination, under the influence of a uniform magnetic field and an Aharonov-Bohm flux. In this case, the system is modeled within the framework of the Dirac equation for (spin-1/2) particles in a curved background, incorporating both a confinement potential and a non-Abelian gauge field induced by the disclination. Moreover, we have used the exact solutions of the Dirac spinor, from which the corresponding energy spectrum is derived analytically, showing the relation between the topological defect, magnetic fluxes, and the mass gap. To quantify the spatial distribution of the electronic states, we employ Shannon entropy, providing insights into the localization properties of the quasiparticle wavefunctions. In this context, our results illustrate how geometric deformation parameters and external fields collectively influence the energy levels (n) and informational content of quantum states in gapped graphene, offering potential applications in quantum devices and nanoscale electronics.