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<p>This study presents a comprehensive theoretical model to analyze the nonlinear vibration behavior of an adatom-microstructure system subjected to coupled magneto-thermal fields designed for high-performance mass sensing applications. The analyzed configuration is a sandwich microbeam featuring functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) face sheets with a perforated core featuring a periodic square-hole (PSH) lattice. Four CNT distributions uniform (UD) and functionally graded FG-A, FG-V, FG-X are evaluated using the mixture rule for effective properties. The size-dependent response of the FG-CNTRC sandwich microbeam is investigated using non-local strain gradient theory, while the geometric nonlinearity is addressed using the nonlinear von Karman hypothesis. The van der Waals (vdW) forces between the adatoms and the microstructure substrate are modeled by the Lennard-Jones (6–12) potential. Lorentz forces from the magnetic field are incorporated via Maxwell’s equations. The governing nonlinear partial differential equation, formulated within the Euler–Bernoulli and Levinson beam theories, is reduced via the Galerkin procedure to a fourth-order ordinary differential equation containing cubic nonlinear terms. This reduced-order model is then solved analytically using the multiple-scales method to obtain the nonlinear resonance frequency shift. Numerical results reveal strong sensitivity of the nonlinear frequency to the CNT distribution scheme, perforation geometry, magnetic-thermal loading, and nanoscale effects. The combined multiphysical and structural effects enable substantial tunability of the resonance characteristics. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed FG-CNTRC perforated micro-resonator as a highly sensitive and tunable platform for advanced micro/nano-electro-mechanical mass-sensing applications.</p>

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Predicting size-dependent nonlinear dynamics of nonlocal FG-CNTRC adsorber with phononic resonator under applied vdW energy and thermo-magnetic gradient

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Soumia Khouni,
  • Hicham Bourouina,
  • Adil Bouhadiche

摘要

This study presents a comprehensive theoretical model to analyze the nonlinear vibration behavior of an adatom-microstructure system subjected to coupled magneto-thermal fields designed for high-performance mass sensing applications. The analyzed configuration is a sandwich microbeam featuring functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) face sheets with a perforated core featuring a periodic square-hole (PSH) lattice. Four CNT distributions uniform (UD) and functionally graded FG-A, FG-V, FG-X are evaluated using the mixture rule for effective properties. The size-dependent response of the FG-CNTRC sandwich microbeam is investigated using non-local strain gradient theory, while the geometric nonlinearity is addressed using the nonlinear von Karman hypothesis. The van der Waals (vdW) forces between the adatoms and the microstructure substrate are modeled by the Lennard-Jones (6–12) potential. Lorentz forces from the magnetic field are incorporated via Maxwell’s equations. The governing nonlinear partial differential equation, formulated within the Euler–Bernoulli and Levinson beam theories, is reduced via the Galerkin procedure to a fourth-order ordinary differential equation containing cubic nonlinear terms. This reduced-order model is then solved analytically using the multiple-scales method to obtain the nonlinear resonance frequency shift. Numerical results reveal strong sensitivity of the nonlinear frequency to the CNT distribution scheme, perforation geometry, magnetic-thermal loading, and nanoscale effects. The combined multiphysical and structural effects enable substantial tunability of the resonance characteristics. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed FG-CNTRC perforated micro-resonator as a highly sensitive and tunable platform for advanced micro/nano-electro-mechanical mass-sensing applications.