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<p>Composite laminates exhibit pronounced susceptibility to low-velocity impact (LVI) loading, which may induce substantial degradation in structural integrity. Hybrid fiber laminates synergistically combine the advantageous characteristics of constituent fibers, with carbon/glass fiber hybrid configuration representing the most prevalent system. This study develops a high-fidelity finite element model to systematically investigate how hybridization strategy, fiber ratio, and stacking sequence affect the low-velocity impact resistance of carbon/glass hybrid laminates. An evaluation metric, the Compression Peak Load Drop Rate (D<sub>c</sub>), is introduced as a robust indicator of impact-induced damage, showing strong correlation with residual compressive strength. Experimental results demonstrate that the finite-element model incorporating a finite-thickness cohesive zone (0.001&#xa0;mm) achieves a minimal error of 3.85% while remaining physically consistent. Optimal impact resistance is attained when glass-fiber plies are positioned on the back surface opposite the impact side, yielding a D<sub>I</sub> value of 1.07 and a D<sub>c</sub> value of 51.87%. Notably, the impact resistance of hybrid laminates displays a non-monotonic relationship with glass fiber content. Within the selected proportion matrix, the 12:4 (carbon: glass) stacking sequence yielded the optimum impact impedance (D<sub>I</sub>=1.07, D<sub>c</sub>=51.87%). Furthermore, the double-layer quasi-isotropic architecture demonstrated exceptional impact tolerance (D<sub>c</sub>=51.88%), while the double-layer cross-ply counterpart exhibited the most inferior performance.</p>

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Numerical study on low-velocity impact of carbon/glass fiber hybrid laminates: hybridization strategy, fiber ratio, and stacking sequence

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Xu Zhang,
  • Xiaoqiang Wang,
  • Wenbo Zhang,
  • Shaowei Lu,
  • Lu Zhang,
  • Chengkun Ma,
  • Rui Zhang,
  • Weitao Zhao,
  • Ying Wang

摘要

Composite laminates exhibit pronounced susceptibility to low-velocity impact (LVI) loading, which may induce substantial degradation in structural integrity. Hybrid fiber laminates synergistically combine the advantageous characteristics of constituent fibers, with carbon/glass fiber hybrid configuration representing the most prevalent system. This study develops a high-fidelity finite element model to systematically investigate how hybridization strategy, fiber ratio, and stacking sequence affect the low-velocity impact resistance of carbon/glass hybrid laminates. An evaluation metric, the Compression Peak Load Drop Rate (Dc), is introduced as a robust indicator of impact-induced damage, showing strong correlation with residual compressive strength. Experimental results demonstrate that the finite-element model incorporating a finite-thickness cohesive zone (0.001 mm) achieves a minimal error of 3.85% while remaining physically consistent. Optimal impact resistance is attained when glass-fiber plies are positioned on the back surface opposite the impact side, yielding a DI value of 1.07 and a Dc value of 51.87%. Notably, the impact resistance of hybrid laminates displays a non-monotonic relationship with glass fiber content. Within the selected proportion matrix, the 12:4 (carbon: glass) stacking sequence yielded the optimum impact impedance (DI=1.07, Dc=51.87%). Furthermore, the double-layer quasi-isotropic architecture demonstrated exceptional impact tolerance (Dc=51.88%), while the double-layer cross-ply counterpart exhibited the most inferior performance.