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<p>The release of Hazardous gases in industrial areas presents a significant threat to human health. Many workers are unknowingly exposed to these substances, underscoring the critical importance of developing effective detection methods. To efficiently detect these hazardous chemicals, an exclusive type of sensor is required; one such sensor is Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF). An advanced PCF sensor with a flower-shaped core is suggested. Special properties of the considered chemical sensor are analyzed using the software COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1 and the finite element method (FEM), which allows solving a system of equations. Strict mesh components are also utilized to maintain the highest possible degree of modeling realism. The PCF detector provides a Relative Sensitivity of around 98.01%, 96.34%, and 95.56% at 2.4 THz, while the Confinement Loss for <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{SnCl}_{4}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{C}_{10\:}{H}_{16}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{CCl}_{4}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is 9.797 × 10 − 09 dB/m, 1.697 × 10 − 05 dB/m, and 1.074 × 10 − 04 dB/m, respectively. These harmful gases have the potential to cause life-threatening health concerns. The proposed biosensor exploits the unique refractive index properties of hazardous gases such as <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{SnCl}_{4}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{C}_{10\:}{H}_{16}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{CCl}_{4}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, enabling early-stage and precise detection in industrial settings. The novel design improves hazardous gas recognition, paving the way for more effective monitoring and risk mitigation strategies.</p>

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Floral-core zeonex photonic crystal fiber for high-sensitivity terahertz detection of hazardous industrial gases

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月23日

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  • Diponkar Kundu,
  • Anonto Kumar Sutradhar,
  • A. H. M. Iftekharul Ferdous,
  • Safiul Islam,
  • Nasir Uddin Badhon,
  • Shible Noman,
  • Rokieya Akter,
  • Thouhida Khanom Nisha

摘要

The release of Hazardous gases in industrial areas presents a significant threat to human health. Many workers are unknowingly exposed to these substances, underscoring the critical importance of developing effective detection methods. To efficiently detect these hazardous chemicals, an exclusive type of sensor is required; one such sensor is Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF). An advanced PCF sensor with a flower-shaped core is suggested. Special properties of the considered chemical sensor are analyzed using the software COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1 and the finite element method (FEM), which allows solving a system of equations. Strict mesh components are also utilized to maintain the highest possible degree of modeling realism. The PCF detector provides a Relative Sensitivity of around 98.01%, 96.34%, and 95.56% at 2.4 THz, while the Confinement Loss for \(\:{SnCl}_{4}\) , \(\:{C}_{10\:}{H}_{16}\) , and \(\:{CCl}_{4}\) is 9.797 × 10 − 09 dB/m, 1.697 × 10 − 05 dB/m, and 1.074 × 10 − 04 dB/m, respectively. These harmful gases have the potential to cause life-threatening health concerns. The proposed biosensor exploits the unique refractive index properties of hazardous gases such as \(\:{SnCl}_{4}\) , \(\:{C}_{10\:}{H}_{16}\) , and \(\:{CCl}_{4}\) , enabling early-stage and precise detection in industrial settings. The novel design improves hazardous gas recognition, paving the way for more effective monitoring and risk mitigation strategies.