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<p>This study investigated the properties of Nd3⁺-doped Ba₀.₇A₀.₃Fe₁₂O₁₉ (A = Nd) nano-hexaferrites synthesized via the sol–gel method, which provides precise control over composition and structure while operating at lower temperatures to reduce energy consumption. The synthesis involves dissolving stoichiometric amounts of nitrates in distilled water, adding citric acid to form a gel, and heating and calcining to obtain the ferrite phase. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of a single-phase hexagonal structure with P63/mmc symmetry, revealing lattice parameters of a = b = 5.89020&#xa0;Å and c = 23.19937&#xa0;Å and a crystallite size of approximately 45.67&#xa0;nm. Nd3⁺ doping affected the lattice parameters, introducing strain, while dielectric measurements from room temperature to 300&#xa0;°C demonstrated an increase in ε' with temperature and a decrease in ε'' with frequency, with a notable phase transition observed at 200&#xa0;°C. Impedance analysis indicated enhanced conductivity and decreased impedance at elevated temperatures, which was attributed to Nd3⁺ doping. Magnetic measurements at 300&#xa0;K and 500&#xa0;K showed a reduction in the saturation magnetization and coercivity with increasing temperature. These findings underscore the significant influence of Nd3⁺ doping on the characteristics of BaFe₁₂O₁₉, suggesting potential advancements in magnetic and electronic technology. Magnetic measurements showed a decrease in the saturation magnetization and coercivity with temperature. Overall, Nd3⁺ substitution significantly affects the structural, dielectric, and magnetic properties of BaM hexaferrites, suggesting their potential for high-temperature and frequency-sensitive applications.</p>

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Electromagnetic characteristics of Ba0.7Nd0.3Fe12O19 nano-hexaferrites prepared by sol–gel synthesis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Nagendra P. Yadav,
  • Yaseen Mohd,
  • Pratiksha Agnihotri,
  • Indu Sharma,
  • Virender Pratap Singh,
  • Radheshyam Rai,
  • Mahavir Singh

摘要

This study investigated the properties of Nd3⁺-doped Ba₀.₇A₀.₃Fe₁₂O₁₉ (A = Nd) nano-hexaferrites synthesized via the sol–gel method, which provides precise control over composition and structure while operating at lower temperatures to reduce energy consumption. The synthesis involves dissolving stoichiometric amounts of nitrates in distilled water, adding citric acid to form a gel, and heating and calcining to obtain the ferrite phase. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of a single-phase hexagonal structure with P63/mmc symmetry, revealing lattice parameters of a = b = 5.89020 Å and c = 23.19937 Å and a crystallite size of approximately 45.67 nm. Nd3⁺ doping affected the lattice parameters, introducing strain, while dielectric measurements from room temperature to 300 °C demonstrated an increase in ε' with temperature and a decrease in ε'' with frequency, with a notable phase transition observed at 200 °C. Impedance analysis indicated enhanced conductivity and decreased impedance at elevated temperatures, which was attributed to Nd3⁺ doping. Magnetic measurements at 300 K and 500 K showed a reduction in the saturation magnetization and coercivity with increasing temperature. These findings underscore the significant influence of Nd3⁺ doping on the characteristics of BaFe₁₂O₁₉, suggesting potential advancements in magnetic and electronic technology. Magnetic measurements showed a decrease in the saturation magnetization and coercivity with temperature. Overall, Nd3⁺ substitution significantly affects the structural, dielectric, and magnetic properties of BaM hexaferrites, suggesting their potential for high-temperature and frequency-sensitive applications.