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<p>Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have sparked significant attention for their biomedical potential owing to their diverse therapeutic properties. Green SeNPs were synthesized using aqueous leaves extract of <i>Glycosmis pentaphylla</i> and sodium selenite (Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>) solution, resulting in a dispersion of selenium nanoparticles conjugated with the secondary metabolites of <i>Glycosmis pentaphylla</i> (GP-SeNPs). This work aimed to explore the green synthesis, characterization, and in-vivo safety profile of GP-SeNPs. The SeNPs exhibited spherical morphology with an average particle size range of ~ 60.8&#xa0;nm, as confirmed by morphological techniques. Formation of SeNPs was confirmed through UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, and FTIR studies. In-vivo biocompatibility was assessed through acute and subacute toxicity studies in Swiss albino mice via oral administration of GP-SeNPs at various doses, evaluating endpoints including organ weight changes, hepatic marker enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP), antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GSH, LPO), hematological parameters, chromosomal aberration, and histopathological outcomes. The LD<sub>50</sub> of GP-SeNPs was determined to be 7.57&#xa0;mg kg<sup><b>−1</b></sup> body weight. Doses of 1.5, 2, and 5&#xa0;mg kg⁻¹ body weight resulted in no mortality or toxicity over 28 days, while higher doses (12 and 15&#xa0;mg kg⁻¹ body weight) significantly reduced body weight. No adverse effects or significant changes in the assessed endpoints were observed compared to controls at doses below the LD<sub>50</sub>. Furthermore, histopathological analysis revealed no architectural changes or treatment-related pathologies, confirming the formulation’s favorable safety profile. These results suggest that <i>G. pentaphylla</i>-conjugated SeNPs exhibit excellent biocompatibility and minimal toxicity, positioning them as a promising candidate for biomedical applications.</p>

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Physicochemical characterization, in-vivo toxicity profiling, and biocompatibility evaluation of green-synthesized selenium nanoparticles conjugated with Glycosmis pentaphylla

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月16日

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  • Madhubanti Das,
  • Nabanita Baruah,
  • Hemanga Jyoti Sarmah,
  • Jogen Chandra Kalita

摘要

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have sparked significant attention for their biomedical potential owing to their diverse therapeutic properties. Green SeNPs were synthesized using aqueous leaves extract of Glycosmis pentaphylla and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) solution, resulting in a dispersion of selenium nanoparticles conjugated with the secondary metabolites of Glycosmis pentaphylla (GP-SeNPs). This work aimed to explore the green synthesis, characterization, and in-vivo safety profile of GP-SeNPs. The SeNPs exhibited spherical morphology with an average particle size range of ~ 60.8 nm, as confirmed by morphological techniques. Formation of SeNPs was confirmed through UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, and FTIR studies. In-vivo biocompatibility was assessed through acute and subacute toxicity studies in Swiss albino mice via oral administration of GP-SeNPs at various doses, evaluating endpoints including organ weight changes, hepatic marker enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP), antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GSH, LPO), hematological parameters, chromosomal aberration, and histopathological outcomes. The LD50 of GP-SeNPs was determined to be 7.57 mg kg−1 body weight. Doses of 1.5, 2, and 5 mg kg⁻¹ body weight resulted in no mortality or toxicity over 28 days, while higher doses (12 and 15 mg kg⁻¹ body weight) significantly reduced body weight. No adverse effects or significant changes in the assessed endpoints were observed compared to controls at doses below the LD50. Furthermore, histopathological analysis revealed no architectural changes or treatment-related pathologies, confirming the formulation’s favorable safety profile. These results suggest that G. pentaphylla-conjugated SeNPs exhibit excellent biocompatibility and minimal toxicity, positioning them as a promising candidate for biomedical applications.