Analytical study of laser wakefield excitation by cosine-Gaussian laser pulses
摘要
High-velocity electrons are essential in experimental investigations within particle physics, nuclear physics, and medicinal applications. Various sophisticated acceleration methods are used to produce such electrons, including direct laser acceleration, laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), and plasma wakefield acceleration. LWFA is distinguished by its dependence on the interaction between laser pulses and plasma, which is markedly affected by variables like laser pulse shape, plasma density, laser wavelength, and pulse duration. This study examines a cos-Gaussian laser pulse as it propagates through a homogeneous, under-dense, and collision-less plasma. Analytical expressions are obtained for the resultant laser wake potential, the induced wakefield, and the energy acquired by electrons. These formulas are then represented by graphs employing actual and practical parameter values. The results demonstrate that augmenting the laser intensity significantly improves the efficiency of LWFA. Nevertheless, characteristics such as plasma density and pulse length must be meticulously adjusted to optimise acceleration efficacy. This discovery provides significant insights for researchers seeking to create more energy-efficient techniques for generating high-energy electron beams.