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<p>This study investigates the impact of anodization parameters (specifically, applied voltage, anodization time, and HF concentration) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and biocompatibility of TiO₂ nanotubes formed on Ti6Al4V alloy. Different surface morphological features of amorphous-crystalline nanotubular structures were obtained by varying the anodization conditions. Surfaces with more ordered nanotubular structures showed higher corrosion resistance and greater cell adhesion, which are critical properties for biomedical applications. Among the morphological features obtained, larger nanotube diameters were correlated with higher hydrophilicity, which projects this type of coating towards the possibility of achieving higher protein adsorption and osteoblast adhesion capacity. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong positive effect between anodizing voltage and corrosion current density, with cell adhesion, observing a marked balance between these critical properties. Among the samples with nanotubular structures, those that were anodized at lower voltages and longer times showed higher corrosion resistance without significantly compromising biocompatibility. Furthermore, according to surface wettability analysis, larger nanotube diameters presented greater hydrophilicity, which is related to the possibility of improving extracellular matrix formation and cell interaction in the bone regeneration process. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing anodizing parameters to balance corrosion resistance and biocompatibility on TiO₂ nanotube surfaces, contributing to the continued development of titanium-based implants with improved performance in biomedical applications.</p>

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Influence of anodization conditions in hydrofluoric acid electrolyte on the optimization of TiO₂ nanotube surfaces

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • A. Sandoval-Amador,
  • J. Niño,
  • J. F. Lopez-Rincon,
  • H. Carreño-Garcia,
  • P. Escobar-Rivero,
  • H. A. Estupiñan Duran,
  • D. Y. Peña-Ballesteros,
  • J. L. Endrino

摘要

This study investigates the impact of anodization parameters (specifically, applied voltage, anodization time, and HF concentration) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and biocompatibility of TiO₂ nanotubes formed on Ti6Al4V alloy. Different surface morphological features of amorphous-crystalline nanotubular structures were obtained by varying the anodization conditions. Surfaces with more ordered nanotubular structures showed higher corrosion resistance and greater cell adhesion, which are critical properties for biomedical applications. Among the morphological features obtained, larger nanotube diameters were correlated with higher hydrophilicity, which projects this type of coating towards the possibility of achieving higher protein adsorption and osteoblast adhesion capacity. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong positive effect between anodizing voltage and corrosion current density, with cell adhesion, observing a marked balance between these critical properties. Among the samples with nanotubular structures, those that were anodized at lower voltages and longer times showed higher corrosion resistance without significantly compromising biocompatibility. Furthermore, according to surface wettability analysis, larger nanotube diameters presented greater hydrophilicity, which is related to the possibility of improving extracellular matrix formation and cell interaction in the bone regeneration process. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing anodizing parameters to balance corrosion resistance and biocompatibility on TiO₂ nanotube surfaces, contributing to the continued development of titanium-based implants with improved performance in biomedical applications.