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<p>Black coral forests play a vital role in mesophotic and deep-water environments, providing habitat and refuge for numerous organisms. Their presence and distribution are influenced by hydrodynamic conditions. Yet, insight into the effect of current velocity on the survival and overall condition of black corals, and how this may differ between sexes during the reproductive period, is lacking. Here, we investigated how the current velocity affected male and female nubbins of <i>Antipathella wollastoni</i>, throughout a 5-week experiment, under three treatments: no (0&#xa0;cm&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup>), low (mean ± SE = 5.3 cm&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup> ± 0.27) and high current (10 cm&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup> ± 0.42). We studied both the nubbin state (<i>i.e.</i> mortality, tissue necrosis and propagule production) and their physiology (<i>i.e.</i> total antioxidant capacity, TAC). We found higher tissue necrosis and mortality in the no-current treatment. Responses were significantly sex-conditioned across all treatments. All male nubbins survived the experiment and exhibited minimal tissue necrosis (mean ± SE = 4.72% ± 0.77), whereas 33.3% of female nubbins died and showed significantly higher tissue necrosis (37.05% ± 8.57). Propagule release was up to fourfold higher under high current compared to low, whereas nubbins in the no-current treatment produced almost none, likely due to the rapid onset of necrosis preventing the use of this escape response. The findings emphasize the importance of current velocities to rear black corals under controlled conditions, especially given the increased vulnerability of female nubbins during the reproductive period.</p>

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Sex matters: female black corals experience higher stress under different current velocities

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月6日

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  • L. Palacios-Castillo,
  • S. Navarro-Mayoral,
  • M. Godefroid,
  • C. García-Herrera,
  • F. Tuya,
  • R. Haroun,
  • F. Otero-Ferrer

摘要

Black coral forests play a vital role in mesophotic and deep-water environments, providing habitat and refuge for numerous organisms. Their presence and distribution are influenced by hydrodynamic conditions. Yet, insight into the effect of current velocity on the survival and overall condition of black corals, and how this may differ between sexes during the reproductive period, is lacking. Here, we investigated how the current velocity affected male and female nubbins of Antipathella wollastoni, throughout a 5-week experiment, under three treatments: no (0 cm s−1), low (mean ± SE = 5.3 cm s−1 ± 0.27) and high current (10 cm s−1 ± 0.42). We studied both the nubbin state (i.e. mortality, tissue necrosis and propagule production) and their physiology (i.e. total antioxidant capacity, TAC). We found higher tissue necrosis and mortality in the no-current treatment. Responses were significantly sex-conditioned across all treatments. All male nubbins survived the experiment and exhibited minimal tissue necrosis (mean ± SE = 4.72% ± 0.77), whereas 33.3% of female nubbins died and showed significantly higher tissue necrosis (37.05% ± 8.57). Propagule release was up to fourfold higher under high current compared to low, whereas nubbins in the no-current treatment produced almost none, likely due to the rapid onset of necrosis preventing the use of this escape response. The findings emphasize the importance of current velocities to rear black corals under controlled conditions, especially given the increased vulnerability of female nubbins during the reproductive period.