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<p>The Kerama Islands, located 40&#xa0;km west of Okinawa Island in the East China Sea, include Zamami, Tokashiki, Aka, and 17 smaller islands. For the last two decades, the coral reef ecosystem has recovered and attracted many divers due to the transparent waters known as “Kerama blue.” Although scleractinians have been monitored by SCUBA diving, more comprehensive surveys are needed to better understand Kerama reef corals for future conservation. We surveyed 19 sites by collecting surface seawater and employed scleractinian-specific environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. The ratio of scleractinian-specific ZOTU counts per total sequencing reads was above 90% for 18 sites with nearly 100% at two sites. This suggests an abundance of coral eDNA in uncontaminated seawater. This survey detected 38 genera of Scleractinia. Most sites were covered by <i>Acropora</i>, <i>Astreopora</i>, <i>Cyphastrea</i>, <i>Dipsastraea</i>, <i>Favites</i>, <i>Galaxea</i>, <i>Goniastrea</i>, <i>Herpolitha</i>, <i>Hydnophora</i>, <i>Montipora</i>, <i>Oxypora</i>, <i>Pavona</i>, <i>Platygyra</i>, <i>Pocillopora</i> and <i>Porites</i>. This contrasted with Okinawa Island, reefs of which are dominated by the genera <i>Acropora, Montipora, Pocillopora</i> and <i>Porites</i> and are less diverse than Keramas in genera compositions. Principal component and heatmap analyses suggested site-specific characteristics for coral composition which may also be topologically related. Therefore, scleractinian-specific eDNA metabarcoding indicates a diverse community of reef-building corals, thus providing important knowledge necessary for the future conservation of coral reefs in this coastal national park.</p>

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eDNA metabarcoding reveals high generic-level scleractinian diversity in the Kerama Islands, Okinawa, Japan

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月20日

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  • Takeshi Noda,
  • Mikihiko Higa,
  • Kanako Hisata,
  • Haruhi Narisoko,
  • Mayuki Suwa,
  • Aya Koseki,
  • Koki Nishitsuji,
  • Hiroki Taniguchi,
  • Noriyuki Satoh

摘要

The Kerama Islands, located 40 km west of Okinawa Island in the East China Sea, include Zamami, Tokashiki, Aka, and 17 smaller islands. For the last two decades, the coral reef ecosystem has recovered and attracted many divers due to the transparent waters known as “Kerama blue.” Although scleractinians have been monitored by SCUBA diving, more comprehensive surveys are needed to better understand Kerama reef corals for future conservation. We surveyed 19 sites by collecting surface seawater and employed scleractinian-specific environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. The ratio of scleractinian-specific ZOTU counts per total sequencing reads was above 90% for 18 sites with nearly 100% at two sites. This suggests an abundance of coral eDNA in uncontaminated seawater. This survey detected 38 genera of Scleractinia. Most sites were covered by Acropora, Astreopora, Cyphastrea, Dipsastraea, Favites, Galaxea, Goniastrea, Herpolitha, Hydnophora, Montipora, Oxypora, Pavona, Platygyra, Pocillopora and Porites. This contrasted with Okinawa Island, reefs of which are dominated by the genera Acropora, Montipora, Pocillopora and Porites and are less diverse than Keramas in genera compositions. Principal component and heatmap analyses suggested site-specific characteristics for coral composition which may also be topologically related. Therefore, scleractinian-specific eDNA metabarcoding indicates a diverse community of reef-building corals, thus providing important knowledge necessary for the future conservation of coral reefs in this coastal national park.