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<p>The influence of climate variability on temperate forest vegetation during the late Holocene has been difficult to pinpoint in North America, partly due to uncertainty about moisture seasonality. Here, vegetation composition and diversity were evaluated using pollen from a sedimentary record from Martin Lake, Indiana. Vegetation richness, evenness, and squared chord distance dissimilarity were examined in the context of existing paleoclimate datasets from the same site to interpret ecosystem stability over the last 2,000 years. Vegetation composition during the late Holocene was very stable overall. A shift to dry summers at the onset of the Little Ice Age (LIA) did not markedly affect most tree taxa. <i>Quercus</i> (Oak)<i>, Fraxinus</i> (Ash), and <i>Ulmus</i> (Elm), all remained stable despite the change in moisture seasonality. However, <i>Fagus</i> (Beech) experienced a sudden decline and never recovered to pre-LIA abundance. This work suggests that regionally dry summers during the LIA played an important role in the initial decline in <i>Fagus</i>, but local factors influenced its recovery. This highlights the value of multiproxy studies in showing vegetation response to climate variations over decades to centuries.</p>

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High stability in an eastern North American temperate forest during the late Holocene

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月15日

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  • Julie L. Commerford,
  • Haley Mueller,
  • Paula A. Rodríguez-Zorro,
  • Jaime Escobar,
  • Jeremy J. Wilson,
  • Broxton W. Bird

摘要

The influence of climate variability on temperate forest vegetation during the late Holocene has been difficult to pinpoint in North America, partly due to uncertainty about moisture seasonality. Here, vegetation composition and diversity were evaluated using pollen from a sedimentary record from Martin Lake, Indiana. Vegetation richness, evenness, and squared chord distance dissimilarity were examined in the context of existing paleoclimate datasets from the same site to interpret ecosystem stability over the last 2,000 years. Vegetation composition during the late Holocene was very stable overall. A shift to dry summers at the onset of the Little Ice Age (LIA) did not markedly affect most tree taxa. Quercus (Oak), Fraxinus (Ash), and Ulmus (Elm), all remained stable despite the change in moisture seasonality. However, Fagus (Beech) experienced a sudden decline and never recovered to pre-LIA abundance. This work suggests that regionally dry summers during the LIA played an important role in the initial decline in Fagus, but local factors influenced its recovery. This highlights the value of multiproxy studies in showing vegetation response to climate variations over decades to centuries.