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Key message <p>Sodium nitroprusside alleviates drought in <i>Lagenaria siceraria</i> by regulating leaf wax synthesis, with <i>LsCER1</i> pinpointed as a key drought-tolerance gene for breeding.</p> Abstract <p>Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) alleviates the drought stress of <i>Lagenaria siceraria</i> (<i>L. siceraria</i>); however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this investigation, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)-based metabolite profiling and transcriptomic analysis&#xa0;were employed to analyze the changes of different wax components and transcriptomes of ‘Yayao’ (<i>L. siceraria</i>) seedlings under control (CK), drought stress (DS), and drought + sodium nitroprusside (SP) treatments. Furthermore,&#xa0;correlation analysis was performed to integrate the two datasets. The results of GC–MS showed that exogenous sodium nitroprusside promoted the formation of cuticular wax, and the compositional analysis of cuticular wax revealed that fatty acids represented the most abundant constituent. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the three comparison groups were related to wax synthesis-related pathways such as ascorbic acid and aldehyde acid metabolism and galactose metabolism. A total of 116 DEGs were found in the three different comparison groups, of which 20 DEGs were related to the wax synthesis pathway. At the same time, four <i>LsCER1</i> genes were identified, which were highly conserved and contained multiple hormone and abiotic stress response elements. The regulatory effect of <i>L. siceraria</i> cuticular wax synthesis by SNP has been provided and the foundation for future breeding strategies laid in the study.</p>

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Effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on drought stress mitigation through wax accumulation in Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.: an integrated GC–MS and transcriptomic approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月14日

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  • Shan Liu,
  • Xiaodi Zhang,
  • Saike Qi,
  • Li Geng,
  • Wenchao Zhao,
  • Yulu Gao,
  • Hongmei Mu

摘要

Key message

Sodium nitroprusside alleviates drought in Lagenaria siceraria by regulating leaf wax synthesis, with LsCER1 pinpointed as a key drought-tolerance gene for breeding.

Abstract

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) alleviates the drought stress of Lagenaria siceraria (L. siceraria); however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this investigation, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)-based metabolite profiling and transcriptomic analysis were employed to analyze the changes of different wax components and transcriptomes of ‘Yayao’ (L. siceraria) seedlings under control (CK), drought stress (DS), and drought + sodium nitroprusside (SP) treatments. Furthermore, correlation analysis was performed to integrate the two datasets. The results of GC–MS showed that exogenous sodium nitroprusside promoted the formation of cuticular wax, and the compositional analysis of cuticular wax revealed that fatty acids represented the most abundant constituent. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the three comparison groups were related to wax synthesis-related pathways such as ascorbic acid and aldehyde acid metabolism and galactose metabolism. A total of 116 DEGs were found in the three different comparison groups, of which 20 DEGs were related to the wax synthesis pathway. At the same time, four LsCER1 genes were identified, which were highly conserved and contained multiple hormone and abiotic stress response elements. The regulatory effect of L. siceraria cuticular wax synthesis by SNP has been provided and the foundation for future breeding strategies laid in the study.