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Key message <p>A novel male sterility line Nan A forms normal microspore tetrads, but defective pollen development. Dysregulated fertility/stress-related genes in anthers cause cotton male sterility.</p> Abstract <p>Cotton exhibits significant heterosis, characterization of genic male-sterility (GMS) genes is crucial for unraveling molecular mechanisms controlling anther and&#xa0;pollen development, and enables the development of biotechnology-based male-sterility systems for commercial hybrid seed production. Here, we report a combined cytological and transcription analyses of the anther of a single-gene recessive GMS line <i>Nan A</i> and its near-isogenic male fertile line <i>Nan B</i>, and further verified the functions of two male sterility-related genes. <i>Nan A</i> developed shorter stamen filaments, produced sterile pollens characterized by shriveled starch grains inside, delayed nexin deposition, without spines on exine surface, and failure in dehiscence. A number of anther-preferentially expressed genes were unexpectedly up-regulated in <i>Nan A</i>, whereas loss-of-function mutants of their homologous genes in other plant species exhibit male sterility. By contrast, a number of stress-related transcription activation protein genes are down-regulated in <i>Nan A</i>. Either silencing the anther specifically expressed <i>GhCYP450</i> that down-regulated or overexpressing <i>GhPHD-D</i> that up-regulated in <i>Nan A</i> can convert wild-type into male sterility. Our results indicate that timely expression of anther and/or pollen developmental genes are pivotal for male fertility.</p>

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Key genes and molecular mechanisms responsible for male sterility revealed by transcriptome analysis in cotton

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • Haili Qiu,
  • Hongyu Dou,
  • Kang Liu

摘要

Key message

A novel male sterility line Nan A forms normal microspore tetrads, but defective pollen development. Dysregulated fertility/stress-related genes in anthers cause cotton male sterility.

Abstract

Cotton exhibits significant heterosis, characterization of genic male-sterility (GMS) genes is crucial for unraveling molecular mechanisms controlling anther and pollen development, and enables the development of biotechnology-based male-sterility systems for commercial hybrid seed production. Here, we report a combined cytological and transcription analyses of the anther of a single-gene recessive GMS line Nan A and its near-isogenic male fertile line Nan B, and further verified the functions of two male sterility-related genes. Nan A developed shorter stamen filaments, produced sterile pollens characterized by shriveled starch grains inside, delayed nexin deposition, without spines on exine surface, and failure in dehiscence. A number of anther-preferentially expressed genes were unexpectedly up-regulated in Nan A, whereas loss-of-function mutants of their homologous genes in other plant species exhibit male sterility. By contrast, a number of stress-related transcription activation protein genes are down-regulated in Nan A. Either silencing the anther specifically expressed GhCYP450 that down-regulated or overexpressing GhPHD-D that up-regulated in Nan A can convert wild-type into male sterility. Our results indicate that timely expression of anther and/or pollen developmental genes are pivotal for male fertility.