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Key message <p>This study first demonstrates that <i>PsGSH2</i> enhances cadmium tolerance not only by boosting antioxidant defense but also by modulating metal transporter genes to reduce Cd accumulation in plants.</p> Abstract <p>Cadmium (Cd) stress poses a significant environmental issue. <i>Potentilla sericea</i>, characterized by strong resistance, is an excellent groundcover for pollution remediation. Glutathione synthetase is one of the key enzymes that promote the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). We cloned <i>PsGSH2</i>, which was up-regulated under Cd stress, and introduced it into <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> to validate the response of transgenic lines to Cd. The results showed that the expression level of <i>PsGSH2</i> was significantly up-regulated (15.45-fold) in the roots of <i>P. sericea</i> under cadmium stress. Overexpression (OE) of <i>PsGSH2</i> in <i>A. thaliana</i> significantly enhanced Cd tolerance. Compared to wild-type (WT) plants, OE lines exhibited a more than sevenfold increase in seed germination rate under Cd stress, with a significantly reduced biomass loss (&lt; 40%). The transgenic lines showed enhanced photosynthetic performance, a reinforced antioxidant system (up to 1.9- and 2.2-fold higher than WT), and reduced oxidative damage (50–75% of WT). Crucially, they exhibited a 59.05% reduction in shoot Cd accumulation, supported by significantly lower bioconcentration factor and transport factor values (46.12% and 69.17%, respectively). Molecular analysis revealed upregulation (1.84- to 5.44-fold) of key genes related to Cd detoxification <i>(AtGSH1</i>, <i>AtGSH2</i>, <i>AtIRT1</i>, <i>AtPCR1</i>, <i>AtPCR2</i>, <i>AtMT3</i>). Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for developing Cd-tolerant plants through genetic engineering approaches, laying the foundation for further research on Cd resistance in <i>P. sericea</i>.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Overexpression of the glutathione synthase gene PsGSH2 enhances cadmium stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Bing Gao,
  • Wei Tang,
  • Dmitry Alexandrovich Danilov,
  • Peilin Han,
  • Jiamin Hua,
  • Yuan Xu,
  • Zhenghong Feng,
  • Alexander Kryukovskiy,
  • Jianhui Wu,
  • Jinghong Wang

摘要

Key message

This study first demonstrates that PsGSH2 enhances cadmium tolerance not only by boosting antioxidant defense but also by modulating metal transporter genes to reduce Cd accumulation in plants.

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) stress poses a significant environmental issue. Potentilla sericea, characterized by strong resistance, is an excellent groundcover for pollution remediation. Glutathione synthetase is one of the key enzymes that promote the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). We cloned PsGSH2, which was up-regulated under Cd stress, and introduced it into Arabidopsis thaliana to validate the response of transgenic lines to Cd. The results showed that the expression level of PsGSH2 was significantly up-regulated (15.45-fold) in the roots of P. sericea under cadmium stress. Overexpression (OE) of PsGSH2 in A. thaliana significantly enhanced Cd tolerance. Compared to wild-type (WT) plants, OE lines exhibited a more than sevenfold increase in seed germination rate under Cd stress, with a significantly reduced biomass loss (< 40%). The transgenic lines showed enhanced photosynthetic performance, a reinforced antioxidant system (up to 1.9- and 2.2-fold higher than WT), and reduced oxidative damage (50–75% of WT). Crucially, they exhibited a 59.05% reduction in shoot Cd accumulation, supported by significantly lower bioconcentration factor and transport factor values (46.12% and 69.17%, respectively). Molecular analysis revealed upregulation (1.84- to 5.44-fold) of key genes related to Cd detoxification (AtGSH1, AtGSH2, AtIRT1, AtPCR1, AtPCR2, AtMT3). Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for developing Cd-tolerant plants through genetic engineering approaches, laying the foundation for further research on Cd resistance in P. sericea.

Graphical abstract