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<p>Polymer-based nanocomposite radar absorbing materials (RAMs) have attracted considerable attention as lightweight, mechanically flexible, and processable alternatives to conventional ceramic and metallic absorbers. This review systematically examines the role of polymer matrices integrated with nanofillers, including carbonaceous, metallic, and ferrite-based systems, in achieving broadband and high-performance microwave absorption. Fundamental absorption mechanisms are discussed, encompassing dielectric loss, magnetic resonance, quarter-wavelength interference, and impedance matching, with emphasis on structure–property correlations across filler categories. Benchmarking of reported composites demonstrates that synergistic filler combinations consistently achieve reflection loss (RL) below − 10 dB, with effective absorption bandwidths (EAB) exceeding 5&#xa0;GHz. Special attention is given to hybrid architectures such as core–shell particles and segregated networks, which enhance interfacial polarization and optimize the conductivity–permeability balance. A consolidated comparison table summarizes leading formulations in terms of matrix type, filler composition, loading fraction, absorber thickness, and peak RL. Processing strategies, mechanical trade-offs, and scalability constraints are critically evaluated. Finally, emerging directions in multifunctional, adaptive, and sustainable RAMs are outlined, with emphasis on metamaterial integration, bio-based polymer matrices, and environmentally resilient designs.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Advances in polymer composites as radar absorbers: a review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Milad Saadat,
  • Tayebeh Akbari,
  • Seyed Hossein Taghavian,
  • Afrooz Seyedshalchi

摘要

Polymer-based nanocomposite radar absorbing materials (RAMs) have attracted considerable attention as lightweight, mechanically flexible, and processable alternatives to conventional ceramic and metallic absorbers. This review systematically examines the role of polymer matrices integrated with nanofillers, including carbonaceous, metallic, and ferrite-based systems, in achieving broadband and high-performance microwave absorption. Fundamental absorption mechanisms are discussed, encompassing dielectric loss, magnetic resonance, quarter-wavelength interference, and impedance matching, with emphasis on structure–property correlations across filler categories. Benchmarking of reported composites demonstrates that synergistic filler combinations consistently achieve reflection loss (RL) below − 10 dB, with effective absorption bandwidths (EAB) exceeding 5 GHz. Special attention is given to hybrid architectures such as core–shell particles and segregated networks, which enhance interfacial polarization and optimize the conductivity–permeability balance. A consolidated comparison table summarizes leading formulations in terms of matrix type, filler composition, loading fraction, absorber thickness, and peak RL. Processing strategies, mechanical trade-offs, and scalability constraints are critically evaluated. Finally, emerging directions in multifunctional, adaptive, and sustainable RAMs are outlined, with emphasis on metamaterial integration, bio-based polymer matrices, and environmentally resilient designs.

Graphical abstract