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<p>The use of natural fiber-reinforced composites has attracted considerable attention due to their durability, cost-effectiveness, and favorable mechanical properties. This study investigates the mechanical performance of epoxy composites reinforced with glass, alfa, palm, and luffa fibers at a 10% fiber volume fraction, focusing on the impact of alkali treatment on their mechanical performance. Tensile and three-point bending tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM D638-03/D790-03 standards. Among the untreated fibers, composites based on alfa fibers exhibited the highest tensile strength (15.48&#xa0;MPa), followed by palm (14.95&#xa0;MPa) and luffa (13.65&#xa0;MPa) fibers. The Young’s modulus of the alfa and palm fibers was approximately 1.3 GPa, whereas luffa fibers demonstrated the lowest Young’s modulus of 0.92 GPa, with the highest elongation at break (4%). Additionally, flexural strength tests indicated that composites based on alfa fibers possessed the highest flexural strength (52.7&#xa0;MPa), surpassing luffa (34.1&#xa0;MPa) and palm (25.2&#xa0;MPa). Alkali treatment significantly enhanced mechanical properties by improving fiber-matrix adhesion. Luffa fiber showed the most substantial improvement, with the tensile strength increasing from 13&#xa0;MPa to 27&#xa0;MPa and Young’s modulus from 0.9 GPa to 1.9 GPa. Palm fiber demonstrated decreased ductility, with the strain at break dro from 5.2% to 2.1%. SEM and EDX analyses confirmed improved interfacial bonding and surface modification post-treatment. These findings underscore the potential of chemically treated natural fibers, particularly alfa and luffa, as sustainable reinforcements in eco-friendly composites, offering a viable alternative to synthetic fiber.</p>

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Mechanical and microstructural evaluation of Palm, Alfa, and Luffa fibers as sustainable reinforcements in Bio-Composites: A comparative study under uniform processing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Hend Ben Hadj Salah,
  • Oussama Trad,
  • Afef Trad,
  • Borhen Louhichi

摘要

The use of natural fiber-reinforced composites has attracted considerable attention due to their durability, cost-effectiveness, and favorable mechanical properties. This study investigates the mechanical performance of epoxy composites reinforced with glass, alfa, palm, and luffa fibers at a 10% fiber volume fraction, focusing on the impact of alkali treatment on their mechanical performance. Tensile and three-point bending tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM D638-03/D790-03 standards. Among the untreated fibers, composites based on alfa fibers exhibited the highest tensile strength (15.48 MPa), followed by palm (14.95 MPa) and luffa (13.65 MPa) fibers. The Young’s modulus of the alfa and palm fibers was approximately 1.3 GPa, whereas luffa fibers demonstrated the lowest Young’s modulus of 0.92 GPa, with the highest elongation at break (4%). Additionally, flexural strength tests indicated that composites based on alfa fibers possessed the highest flexural strength (52.7 MPa), surpassing luffa (34.1 MPa) and palm (25.2 MPa). Alkali treatment significantly enhanced mechanical properties by improving fiber-matrix adhesion. Luffa fiber showed the most substantial improvement, with the tensile strength increasing from 13 MPa to 27 MPa and Young’s modulus from 0.9 GPa to 1.9 GPa. Palm fiber demonstrated decreased ductility, with the strain at break dro from 5.2% to 2.1%. SEM and EDX analyses confirmed improved interfacial bonding and surface modification post-treatment. These findings underscore the potential of chemically treated natural fibers, particularly alfa and luffa, as sustainable reinforcements in eco-friendly composites, offering a viable alternative to synthetic fiber.