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<p>In this study, a sustainable and efficient adsorbent was successfully synthesized from biomass materials via a facile and eco-friendly approach, derived from Acorus calamus leaf lignin and acrylamide (AM). The hydrogel exhibits a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) structure and demonstrates excellent adsorption capacity for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions. Characterization via SEM, XRD, FTIR, XPS, and TG confirmed the formation and stability of the hydrogel. Adsorption performance was strongly influenced by pH, dosage, temperature, and initial ion concentration. The maximum adsorption capacities were 340.45&#xa0;mg·g⁻<sup>1</sup> for Pb(II) and 287.38&#xa0;mg·g⁻<sup>1</sup> for Cd(II), following the Langmuir model. The adsorption kinetics fit the pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemisorption as the dominant mechanism. The hydrogel showed good regeneration ability after five cycles, and the adsorption process was mainly driven by electrostatic interactions and chelation between metal ions and -OH, -NH groups. These findings highlight the great potential of the ACL-PAM hydrogel for the efficient removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from contaminated water.</p>

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Synthesis and characterization of calamus-based polyacrylamide hydrogel for heavy metal adsorption

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月25日

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  • Kaiyi Ji,
  • Ru Li,
  • Hongbiao Zhou,
  • Mingjun Xia,
  • Fengshu Sun

摘要

In this study, a sustainable and efficient adsorbent was successfully synthesized from biomass materials via a facile and eco-friendly approach, derived from Acorus calamus leaf lignin and acrylamide (AM). The hydrogel exhibits a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) structure and demonstrates excellent adsorption capacity for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions. Characterization via SEM, XRD, FTIR, XPS, and TG confirmed the formation and stability of the hydrogel. Adsorption performance was strongly influenced by pH, dosage, temperature, and initial ion concentration. The maximum adsorption capacities were 340.45 mg·g⁻1 for Pb(II) and 287.38 mg·g⁻1 for Cd(II), following the Langmuir model. The adsorption kinetics fit the pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemisorption as the dominant mechanism. The hydrogel showed good regeneration ability after five cycles, and the adsorption process was mainly driven by electrostatic interactions and chelation between metal ions and -OH, -NH groups. These findings highlight the great potential of the ACL-PAM hydrogel for the efficient removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from contaminated water.