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<p>Biofilm formation provides probiotics with a natural barrier against harsh conditions and increases their bioavailability. The dynamic culture system could effectively promote probiotic biofilm formation. In view of the excellent probiotic properties and biofilm-forming ability of <i>Bifidobacterium adolescentis</i> BL-8, a dynamic culture system for this strain was constructed in this study and utilized to carry out in-depth mechanistic and potential application research. The results showed that innovatively establishing this system with physical-biological synergies for <i>B. adolescentis</i> BL-8, using oat bran as the carrier, achieved a 46.6% increase in the biofilm-forming rate and reduced the formation time by 12&#xa0;h. This enhancement was attributed to carrier-strain interactions that this system strengthened bacterial initial aggregation during reversible adhesion through electrostatic/hydrophilic force regulation. Transcriptome analysis during irreversible adhesion and growth maturation phase further discovered that this system controls two-component signaling systems to boost nitrogen assimilation and c-di-GMP pathways to suppress flagella assembly, collectively promoting bacterial growth and morphological transitions. Dynamic cultivation also regulated the quorum-sensing system, prolonged biofilm growth, and stimulated extracellular polymeric substance synthesis. These modulations reinforced the biofilm’s structural integrity, enabling increased bacterial resistance to freeze-drying and gastrointestinal stress and the storage time of the freeze-dried probiotic powder. This dynamic culture system with physical-biological synergies effectively promoted <i>B. adolescentis</i> BL-8 biofilm formation through enhanced initial adhesion, bacterial proliferation and morphological transformations, and prolonged biofilm formation, exhibiting great potential for applications. This study provides an important theoretical basis and new insights for the development of probiotic biofilm-modulation technology and its industrial applications.</p>

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Exploring the Dynamic Culture System of biofilm-forming Bifidobacterium Adolescentis BL-8: from System establishment, Formation Mechanisms Analysis To Application in freeze-dried Probiotic Powder

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • Zekang Zhu,
  • Yuexiang Zhan,
  • Haoxuan Sun,
  • Linyue Shi,
  • Guorong Liu

摘要

Biofilm formation provides probiotics with a natural barrier against harsh conditions and increases their bioavailability. The dynamic culture system could effectively promote probiotic biofilm formation. In view of the excellent probiotic properties and biofilm-forming ability of Bifidobacterium adolescentis BL-8, a dynamic culture system for this strain was constructed in this study and utilized to carry out in-depth mechanistic and potential application research. The results showed that innovatively establishing this system with physical-biological synergies for B. adolescentis BL-8, using oat bran as the carrier, achieved a 46.6% increase in the biofilm-forming rate and reduced the formation time by 12 h. This enhancement was attributed to carrier-strain interactions that this system strengthened bacterial initial aggregation during reversible adhesion through electrostatic/hydrophilic force regulation. Transcriptome analysis during irreversible adhesion and growth maturation phase further discovered that this system controls two-component signaling systems to boost nitrogen assimilation and c-di-GMP pathways to suppress flagella assembly, collectively promoting bacterial growth and morphological transitions. Dynamic cultivation also regulated the quorum-sensing system, prolonged biofilm growth, and stimulated extracellular polymeric substance synthesis. These modulations reinforced the biofilm’s structural integrity, enabling increased bacterial resistance to freeze-drying and gastrointestinal stress and the storage time of the freeze-dried probiotic powder. This dynamic culture system with physical-biological synergies effectively promoted B. adolescentis BL-8 biofilm formation through enhanced initial adhesion, bacterial proliferation and morphological transformations, and prolonged biofilm formation, exhibiting great potential for applications. This study provides an important theoretical basis and new insights for the development of probiotic biofilm-modulation technology and its industrial applications.