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<p>Selenium (Se) is known as the “king of cancer prevention” and is an essential trace element for the human body. However, due to the low Se content and limited bioavailability in soils, crops or food products that can meet the daily Se intake requirements for humans remain scarce. A lactic acid bacterium strain with good Se tolerance capacity was selected to prepare Se-enriched bacterial fertilizer with sawdust and pine-derived biochar, supplemented with Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub> (5&#xa0;mg/kg dry soil). The Se-enriched LAB fertilizer demonstrated significant growth-promoting effects on both root architecture and overall plant development in tomato. Specifically, it enhanced chlorophyll content (by 85.6% compared to control), soluble sugar accumulation (89.3% increase), and elevated total Se as well as organic Se levels in fruits (organic Se/total Se ratio reached 84.3%). Biochemical analysis revealed that the Se-enriched bacteria in fertilizer also reduced oxidative stress induced by Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>, evidenced with less activities of superoxide dismutase and other antioxidant enzymes compared with that in the plants from other treatment added with fertilizer without Se-enriched bacteria. Metatranscriptomic sequencing of rhizosphere soil of tomato plant further indicated that the Se-enriched LAB fertilizer application enriched beneficial bacterial taxa, including <i>Paracoccus</i> (1.75% increase), <i>Stutzerimonas</i> (1.79% increase), and <i>Streptomyces</i> (1.12% increase). Differential gene expression analysis identified significant enrichment in metabolic pathways related to “membrane-bounded organelle” (GO: 0043227, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) and “protein digestion and adsorption” (ko04974, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) through GO and KEGG ontology analysis, respectively. These findings will provide insights into utilizing Se-enriched bacteria and biochar to increase biomass and Se absorption of crops, vegetables and fruits in the sustainable and healthy agriculture.</p>

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Improvement of Growth and Selenium Absorption Characteristics of Tomato Plant by Lactic Acid Bacterial Biochar Fertilizer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月8日

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  • Haifeng Li,
  • YuXuan Su,
  • Guanglong Wu,
  • Yiming Zhang,
  • Feng Jia,
  • Xifeng Wang,
  • Jianhang Qu

摘要

Selenium (Se) is known as the “king of cancer prevention” and is an essential trace element for the human body. However, due to the low Se content and limited bioavailability in soils, crops or food products that can meet the daily Se intake requirements for humans remain scarce. A lactic acid bacterium strain with good Se tolerance capacity was selected to prepare Se-enriched bacterial fertilizer with sawdust and pine-derived biochar, supplemented with Na2SeO3 (5 mg/kg dry soil). The Se-enriched LAB fertilizer demonstrated significant growth-promoting effects on both root architecture and overall plant development in tomato. Specifically, it enhanced chlorophyll content (by 85.6% compared to control), soluble sugar accumulation (89.3% increase), and elevated total Se as well as organic Se levels in fruits (organic Se/total Se ratio reached 84.3%). Biochemical analysis revealed that the Se-enriched bacteria in fertilizer also reduced oxidative stress induced by Na2SeO3, evidenced with less activities of superoxide dismutase and other antioxidant enzymes compared with that in the plants from other treatment added with fertilizer without Se-enriched bacteria. Metatranscriptomic sequencing of rhizosphere soil of tomato plant further indicated that the Se-enriched LAB fertilizer application enriched beneficial bacterial taxa, including Paracoccus (1.75% increase), Stutzerimonas (1.79% increase), and Streptomyces (1.12% increase). Differential gene expression analysis identified significant enrichment in metabolic pathways related to “membrane-bounded organelle” (GO: 0043227, P < 0.01) and “protein digestion and adsorption” (ko04974, P < 0.05) through GO and KEGG ontology analysis, respectively. These findings will provide insights into utilizing Se-enriched bacteria and biochar to increase biomass and Se absorption of crops, vegetables and fruits in the sustainable and healthy agriculture.