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<p>Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a carcinogenic food contaminant, is implicated in colonic abnormalities, including colorectal cancer. This study evaluated the synergistic potential of a novel synbiotic blend of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> MTCC 25433 (9 log CFU/d) and quercetin (25&#xa0;mg/kg/d) against B[a]P-induced gut dysregulation in Swiss albino mice. Oral B[a]P exposure (50&#xa0;mg/kg, twice weekly for 28&#xa0;days) disrupted the intestinal homeostasis, enhancing lipid peroxidation (+ 44.1%), proinflammatory cytokines levels (TNF-α: + 69.6%, IL-6: + 52.9%), inflammatory transcription factors (<i>Nf-κB</i>: 1.92-fold, <i>Foxa2</i>: 2.92-fold) and mucin expression (<i>Muc-2</i>: 2.9-fold), and perturbed gut barrier integrity (<i>Occludin</i>: 0.61-fold, <i>Cldn-4</i>: 0.14-fold). The synbiotic blend exhibited superior efficacy compared to MTCC 25433 or quercetin alone, mitigating MDA (− 32%), TNF-α (− 66%), IL-6 (− 59%), <i>Nf-κB</i>: − 38%, <i>Foxa2</i>: − 51%, <i>Muc-2</i> (− 57%), <i>Occludin</i> (+ 129%) and <i>Cld-4</i> (+ 352%) levels and further resulted in enhanced B[a]P fecal excretion (29.5 to 182&#xa0;μg/g). Two-way ANOVA analysis confirmed synergistic interactions specifically for reductions in adipose tissue B[a]P levels, metabolic enzyme expression (<i>Cyp1b1</i>), gut barrier integrity (<i>Cldn-4</i>), and microbiome modulation, notably Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, <i>Clostridium</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i>, along with enhanced butyrate concentrations. Histopathological analysis confirmed the protective effects of a synbiotic blend against B[a]P-mediated adipocyte disruption and necrosis in the hepatic and intestinal tissues. Principal component analysis also supported its synergistic efficacy in alleviating B[a]P toxicity. Overall, these findings demonstrated the potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and gut-modulating potential of the synbiotic blend, suggesting its potential as a promising dietary approach for mitigating the harmful effects of the food contaminant, B[a]P.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC 25433 and Quercetin Blend Ameliorate Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Gut Dysregulation in a Murine Model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月4日

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  • Shivani Popli Goyal,
  • Gauri A. Chandratre,
  • Anita Rawat,
  • Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi,
  • Prarabdh C. Badgujar,
  • Chakkaravarthi Saravanan

摘要

Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a carcinogenic food contaminant, is implicated in colonic abnormalities, including colorectal cancer. This study evaluated the synergistic potential of a novel synbiotic blend of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC 25433 (9 log CFU/d) and quercetin (25 mg/kg/d) against B[a]P-induced gut dysregulation in Swiss albino mice. Oral B[a]P exposure (50 mg/kg, twice weekly for 28 days) disrupted the intestinal homeostasis, enhancing lipid peroxidation (+ 44.1%), proinflammatory cytokines levels (TNF-α: + 69.6%, IL-6: + 52.9%), inflammatory transcription factors (Nf-κB: 1.92-fold, Foxa2: 2.92-fold) and mucin expression (Muc-2: 2.9-fold), and perturbed gut barrier integrity (Occludin: 0.61-fold, Cldn-4: 0.14-fold). The synbiotic blend exhibited superior efficacy compared to MTCC 25433 or quercetin alone, mitigating MDA (− 32%), TNF-α (− 66%), IL-6 (− 59%), Nf-κB: − 38%, Foxa2: − 51%, Muc-2 (− 57%), Occludin (+ 129%) and Cld-4 (+ 352%) levels and further resulted in enhanced B[a]P fecal excretion (29.5 to 182 μg/g). Two-way ANOVA analysis confirmed synergistic interactions specifically for reductions in adipose tissue B[a]P levels, metabolic enzyme expression (Cyp1b1), gut barrier integrity (Cldn-4), and microbiome modulation, notably Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Clostridium and Ruminococcus, along with enhanced butyrate concentrations. Histopathological analysis confirmed the protective effects of a synbiotic blend against B[a]P-mediated adipocyte disruption and necrosis in the hepatic and intestinal tissues. Principal component analysis also supported its synergistic efficacy in alleviating B[a]P toxicity. Overall, these findings demonstrated the potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and gut-modulating potential of the synbiotic blend, suggesting its potential as a promising dietary approach for mitigating the harmful effects of the food contaminant, B[a]P.

Graphical Abstract