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<p><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a pathogenic bacterium of public health significance, capable of rapidly spreading within and between environments. The local epidemiology and transmission pattern of <i>A. baumannii</i> strains circulating in hospitals and non-hospital environments is rarely studied, and hence this is investigated in Kano, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect 172 samples from clinical, hospital, and non-hospital samples. <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> isolates were identified and confirmed using microbiological and molecular techniques. Variants of <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub> were determined through amplicon sequencing, while whole genome sequencing was performed on 22 isolates to determine their allelic variants/sequence types (ST), resistance/virulence genes, insertion sequences, plasmids, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and investigate phylogenetic relationships between the isolates. Twenty-seven <i>A. baumannii</i> were isolated from door handle and toilet floors of student hostels (14), soil and sullage samples (3 each), bed, chair, and drawer of hospital environments (9), and 1 from the urine of a patient. All these isolates belong to only 2 variants of <i>bla</i><sub>OXA51</sub>-like genes, 16 (48.8%) are <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-66</sub> and 11 (33.3%) are <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-180</sub>. About 70% of the isolates were susceptible to many antibiotics, and 8 resistance genes encoding aminoglycoside, tetracycline, and sulphonamide resistance were acquired by only strains harbouring&#xa0;<i>bla</i><sub>OXA-66</sub>, and between 37 and 39 virulence genes were harboured by all the variants. Intrinsic <i>bla</i><sub>ADC-25</sub> encoding resistance to β-lactams was found in all <i>A. baumannii</i> strains. The 2 variants had Pasteur scheme MLST allelic profiles ST2 and 267, which are not commonly reported in Nigeria. Few isolates from hospital and non-hospital sources form a cluster with SNPs number distances within the two clusters in the range of 85–100, suggesting a close relationship. The 2 variants circulate in both environments, suggesting transmission in both directions. Detection of ST267 (<i>bla</i><sub>OXA-180</sub> variant) in a clinical sample indicates an environment-to-human transmission.</p>

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Local Genomic Epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii Circulating in Hospital and Non-hospital Environments in Kano, Northwest Nigeria

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月8日

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  • I. Yusuf,
  • H. B. Idris,
  • E. Skiebe,
  • G. Wilharm

摘要

Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogenic bacterium of public health significance, capable of rapidly spreading within and between environments. The local epidemiology and transmission pattern of A. baumannii strains circulating in hospitals and non-hospital environments is rarely studied, and hence this is investigated in Kano, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect 172 samples from clinical, hospital, and non-hospital samples. Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were identified and confirmed using microbiological and molecular techniques. Variants of blaOXA-51 were determined through amplicon sequencing, while whole genome sequencing was performed on 22 isolates to determine their allelic variants/sequence types (ST), resistance/virulence genes, insertion sequences, plasmids, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and investigate phylogenetic relationships between the isolates. Twenty-seven A. baumannii were isolated from door handle and toilet floors of student hostels (14), soil and sullage samples (3 each), bed, chair, and drawer of hospital environments (9), and 1 from the urine of a patient. All these isolates belong to only 2 variants of blaOXA51-like genes, 16 (48.8%) are blaOXA-66 and 11 (33.3%) are blaOXA-180. About 70% of the isolates were susceptible to many antibiotics, and 8 resistance genes encoding aminoglycoside, tetracycline, and sulphonamide resistance were acquired by only strains harbouring blaOXA-66, and between 37 and 39 virulence genes were harboured by all the variants. Intrinsic blaADC-25 encoding resistance to β-lactams was found in all A. baumannii strains. The 2 variants had Pasteur scheme MLST allelic profiles ST2 and 267, which are not commonly reported in Nigeria. Few isolates from hospital and non-hospital sources form a cluster with SNPs number distances within the two clusters in the range of 85–100, suggesting a close relationship. The 2 variants circulate in both environments, suggesting transmission in both directions. Detection of ST267 (blaOXA-180 variant) in a clinical sample indicates an environment-to-human transmission.