Anatomical basis of the neurotization of the brachialis muscle to the extensor carpi radialis muscles to restore an active extension of the tetraplegic wrist
摘要
Loss of independence is a major issue for quadriplegic patients. Restoring active wrist extension is essential to improving their autonomy. We aim to evaluate the feasibility of neurotization of the brachialis muscle nerve on branches destined to the extensor carpi radialis muscles.
Methods30 upper limbs were dissected to analyze the anatomy and morphometry of the radial nerve, the musculocutaneous nerve, and the distance between the brachial nerve and the nerve branches of the radial extensor muscles of the carpus.
ResultsThere was a variability in the positioning and number of nerve branches in the muscles studied. Neurotization requires an interposed nerve graft, with an estimated average length of 83 mm for the Extensor Carpi Radialis longus and 121.5 mm for the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis.
Conclusionrestoring wrist extension through a neurotization of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis is feasible. This non-mutilating technique could restore wrist extension. It is indicated for patients with high or moderate tetraplegia, where elbow flexion and extension are preserved. However, further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and long-term results of this technique.
Level of evidenceLevel IV.