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Purpose <p>The branching patterns of the facial artery (FA) vary significantly between individuals, affecting treatment efficacy and complication rates in facial surgery and anti-aging procedures. Identifying FA types preoperatively is challenging. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of predicting FA type by classifying it into five types (I–V) based on distribution and correlating them with the diameter of the main trunk (MT).</p> Methods <p>Thirty-seven Korean cadavers (74 sides) were dissected to assess FA branching pattern, MT diameter, and number of branches. (IRB No. CBNU-2023–4630).</p> Results <p>Type III was most frequent (59.5%). Type IV showed a detoured (DT) branch connected to the angular artery. The mean MT diameter was 3.05 ± 0.69&#xa0;mm, increasing significantly from Types I to V (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Types I or II were found when MT diameter was ≤ 2.0&#xa0;mm, and Type V when ≥ 4.0&#xa0;mm. MT diameter correlated positively with FA type (r = 0.620), branch number (r = 0.527), and DT branch presence (r = 0.415) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). In sex-specific comparisons, men had significantly larger MT, winding part, and nasolabial fold diameters than women (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In lateral comparisons, the right MT diameter was greater than the left (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas the diameters of each arterial branch showed no significant differences between sexes or between sides.</p> Conclusions <p>MT diameter may serve as an indicator for predicting FA type and branching pattern. Even a simple Doppler ultrasound measurement of MT diameter may help anticipate FA distribution and reduce vascular complications in clinical settings.</p>

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Correlation between facial artery types and the diameter of its main trunk in Korea cadavers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Na-Rae Choi,
  • Young-Chun Gil

摘要

Purpose

The branching patterns of the facial artery (FA) vary significantly between individuals, affecting treatment efficacy and complication rates in facial surgery and anti-aging procedures. Identifying FA types preoperatively is challenging. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of predicting FA type by classifying it into five types (I–V) based on distribution and correlating them with the diameter of the main trunk (MT).

Methods

Thirty-seven Korean cadavers (74 sides) were dissected to assess FA branching pattern, MT diameter, and number of branches. (IRB No. CBNU-2023–4630).

Results

Type III was most frequent (59.5%). Type IV showed a detoured (DT) branch connected to the angular artery. The mean MT diameter was 3.05 ± 0.69 mm, increasing significantly from Types I to V (p < 0.05). Types I or II were found when MT diameter was ≤ 2.0 mm, and Type V when ≥ 4.0 mm. MT diameter correlated positively with FA type (r = 0.620), branch number (r = 0.527), and DT branch presence (r = 0.415) (p < 0.01). In sex-specific comparisons, men had significantly larger MT, winding part, and nasolabial fold diameters than women (p < 0.05). In lateral comparisons, the right MT diameter was greater than the left (p < 0.05), whereas the diameters of each arterial branch showed no significant differences between sexes or between sides.

Conclusions

MT diameter may serve as an indicator for predicting FA type and branching pattern. Even a simple Doppler ultrasound measurement of MT diameter may help anticipate FA distribution and reduce vascular complications in clinical settings.