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Objective <p>The aim of the study was to determine age-related changes in the shape of the external occipital protuberance (EOP) in children aged 1–18&#xa0;years.</p> Methods <p>Study population consisted of computed tomography views of 360 children (180 males and 180 females) aged 9.52 ± 5.17&#xa0;years. Considering a classification in the literature, EOP shape was identified as three types as follow: “flat type” (type 1), “crest type” (type 2), and “spur type” (type 3). In type 3, the length and width of EOP were measured.</p> Results <p>EOP shape was identified as type 1 in 197 cases (54.7%), type 2 in 155 cases (43.1%), and type 3 in eight cases (2.2%). EOP shape was not associated with sex (<i>p</i> = 0.071). When pediatric age groups were taken into consideration, it was seen that EOP shape was affected by sex in only late childhood period (<i>p</i> = 0.006). In this period, the dominant shape in males was type 2 (55%), while in females it was type 1 (75%). EOP shape was affected by age (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). With advancing age, the incidence of type 2 increased significantly, while the incidence of type 1 decreased. Type 3 was only encountered in postpubescent period. Type 2 was the dominant form from late childhood period in male and from prepubescent period in female. The length and width of type 3 EOPs were measured as 12.13 ± 5.14&#xa0;mm (range: 8–23&#xa0;mm) and 16.38 ± 4.34&#xa0;mm (range: 8.50–21&#xa0;mm), respectively.</p> Conclusions <p>EOP shape is affected by age. Type 3 is seen only in in late adolescents.</p>

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Age-related alterations in the shape of the external occipital protuberance in children

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月4日

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  • Ali Atadağ,
  • Ömer Faruk Cihan,
  • Aslıhan Artaş,
  • Firdevs Aşantoğrol,
  • Serdar Sönmezışık,
  • Ceyda Şevval Çetin,
  • Zeynep Şencan,
  • Orhan Beger

摘要

Objective

The aim of the study was to determine age-related changes in the shape of the external occipital protuberance (EOP) in children aged 1–18 years.

Methods

Study population consisted of computed tomography views of 360 children (180 males and 180 females) aged 9.52 ± 5.17 years. Considering a classification in the literature, EOP shape was identified as three types as follow: “flat type” (type 1), “crest type” (type 2), and “spur type” (type 3). In type 3, the length and width of EOP were measured.

Results

EOP shape was identified as type 1 in 197 cases (54.7%), type 2 in 155 cases (43.1%), and type 3 in eight cases (2.2%). EOP shape was not associated with sex (p = 0.071). When pediatric age groups were taken into consideration, it was seen that EOP shape was affected by sex in only late childhood period (p = 0.006). In this period, the dominant shape in males was type 2 (55%), while in females it was type 1 (75%). EOP shape was affected by age (p < 0.001). With advancing age, the incidence of type 2 increased significantly, while the incidence of type 1 decreased. Type 3 was only encountered in postpubescent period. Type 2 was the dominant form from late childhood period in male and from prepubescent period in female. The length and width of type 3 EOPs were measured as 12.13 ± 5.14 mm (range: 8–23 mm) and 16.38 ± 4.34 mm (range: 8.50–21 mm), respectively.

Conclusions

EOP shape is affected by age. Type 3 is seen only in in late adolescents.