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<p>Although anticoagulation remains the cornerstone of treatment for pediatric deep vein thrombosis, there is increased utility of endovascular interventions including catheter-directed thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, and pharmacomechanical thrombectomy in severe cases. Chronic venous occlusion and venous compression syndromes, including May–Thurner, venous thoracic outlet, and Nutcracker syndromes, present additional challenges and, where clinically indicated, often require angioplasty with or without venous stenting. Venous stenting in children shows promise but raises concerns about vessel growth and reintervention. Pediatric-specific data remain limited, and interventions must account for patient size, skeletal maturity, and long-term outcomes. Pediatric venous interventions lag behind adult practice, underscoring the need for specialized expertise and further research. A multidisciplinary, individualized approach is essential to optimize outcomes and minimize complications in children.</p>

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Venous Intervention in Children: Current Practice and Controversies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Kishore Minhas,
  • Aaron Stirling,
  • Aparna Annam,
  • Anne E. Gill

摘要

Although anticoagulation remains the cornerstone of treatment for pediatric deep vein thrombosis, there is increased utility of endovascular interventions including catheter-directed thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, and pharmacomechanical thrombectomy in severe cases. Chronic venous occlusion and venous compression syndromes, including May–Thurner, venous thoracic outlet, and Nutcracker syndromes, present additional challenges and, where clinically indicated, often require angioplasty with or without venous stenting. Venous stenting in children shows promise but raises concerns about vessel growth and reintervention. Pediatric-specific data remain limited, and interventions must account for patient size, skeletal maturity, and long-term outcomes. Pediatric venous interventions lag behind adult practice, underscoring the need for specialized expertise and further research. A multidisciplinary, individualized approach is essential to optimize outcomes and minimize complications in children.