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Purpose <p>This letter presents a novel, simple, and reproducible method for measuring the gonial angle using open-source imaging software, 3D Slicer. The main research question was whether a standardized three-dimensional (3D) approach could provide a practical and accurate alternative to traditional two-dimensional cephalometric techniques.</p> Methods <p>High resolution head computed tomography (CT) scans were imported into 3D Slicer (version 5.6.2). The mandible was reconstructed in 3D using volume rendering module. Two three-point planes were defined: one tangential to the mandibular body’s lower border and one to the ramus’ posterior border. Their angle was calculated using a Python script within 3D Slicer.</p> Results <p>The workflow enabled accurate and reproducible 3D gonial angle measurements, providing flexibility for real-time adjustment, repeated calculations, and enhanced anatomical accuracy over traditional methods.</p> Conclusion <p>This approach offers a practical, cost-free, and standardized technique with potential applications in orthognathic surgery planning, asymmetry studies, and anthropological analysis of mandible.</p> Level of Evidence V <p>Opinions of expert anatomists. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors <a href="https://www.springer.com/00266">www.springer.com/00266</a>.</p>

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Mandibular Gonial Angle Measurement with Anatomical Precision in 3D Volume Rendered CT Images

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Furkan Mehmet Özden,
  • İsmail Sivri,
  • Tuncay Çolak

摘要

Purpose

This letter presents a novel, simple, and reproducible method for measuring the gonial angle using open-source imaging software, 3D Slicer. The main research question was whether a standardized three-dimensional (3D) approach could provide a practical and accurate alternative to traditional two-dimensional cephalometric techniques.

Methods

High resolution head computed tomography (CT) scans were imported into 3D Slicer (version 5.6.2). The mandible was reconstructed in 3D using volume rendering module. Two three-point planes were defined: one tangential to the mandibular body’s lower border and one to the ramus’ posterior border. Their angle was calculated using a Python script within 3D Slicer.

Results

The workflow enabled accurate and reproducible 3D gonial angle measurements, providing flexibility for real-time adjustment, repeated calculations, and enhanced anatomical accuracy over traditional methods.

Conclusion

This approach offers a practical, cost-free, and standardized technique with potential applications in orthognathic surgery planning, asymmetry studies, and anthropological analysis of mandible.

Level of Evidence V

Opinions of expert anatomists. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.