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Background <p>Polycaprolactone (PCL) fillers are widely used for facial rejuvenation due to their biodegradability and collagen-stimulating effects. However, PCL injections can trigger inflammation, leading to nodules and swelling. This study evaluated whether co-administration of dexamethasone and triamcinolone (PCL+D+T) mitigates inflammation while preserving collagen formation.</p> Methods <p>Cytotoxicity and apoptosis of PCL+D+T were assessed in fibroblast cells using MTT and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays. Sprague-Dawley rats received PCL injections alone or with corticosteroids. Local inflammation was analyzed via flow cytometry (CD86/CD206) and ELISA (CXCL-1, IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α). Histology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) evaluated collagen deposition and fiber structure.</p> Results <p>PCL injection increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and M1 macrophages, indicating acute inflammation. Co-treatment with dexamethasone and triamcinolone reduced inflammatory markers without impairing collagen deposition, as evidenced by similar dermal thickness, collagen area fraction, and fiber diameter across groups.</p> Conclusions <p>Dexamethasone and triamcinolone effectively suppress PCL-induced acute inflammation while maintaining collagen-stimulating properties. This approach may enhance PCL filler safety and efficacy, warranting further clinical investigation.</p> No Level Assigned <p>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors <a href="http://www.springer.com/00266">www.springer.com/00266</a>.</p>

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Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Polycaprolactone-Based Fillers Combined with Glucocorticoid in Dermal Fillers: A Preclinical Investigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月18日

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  • Hengqing Cui,
  • Jun Zhang,
  • Ziqi Zhang,
  • Lili Qi,
  • Linlin Tan,
  • Haiyan Cui

摘要

Background

Polycaprolactone (PCL) fillers are widely used for facial rejuvenation due to their biodegradability and collagen-stimulating effects. However, PCL injections can trigger inflammation, leading to nodules and swelling. This study evaluated whether co-administration of dexamethasone and triamcinolone (PCL+D+T) mitigates inflammation while preserving collagen formation.

Methods

Cytotoxicity and apoptosis of PCL+D+T were assessed in fibroblast cells using MTT and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays. Sprague-Dawley rats received PCL injections alone or with corticosteroids. Local inflammation was analyzed via flow cytometry (CD86/CD206) and ELISA (CXCL-1, IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α). Histology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) evaluated collagen deposition and fiber structure.

Results

PCL injection increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and M1 macrophages, indicating acute inflammation. Co-treatment with dexamethasone and triamcinolone reduced inflammatory markers without impairing collagen deposition, as evidenced by similar dermal thickness, collagen area fraction, and fiber diameter across groups.

Conclusions

Dexamethasone and triamcinolone effectively suppress PCL-induced acute inflammation while maintaining collagen-stimulating properties. This approach may enhance PCL filler safety and efficacy, warranting further clinical investigation.

No Level Assigned

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.