Effects of personality and body weight on foraging behavior and vigilance: a case study in a small rodent
摘要
Animals usually need to balance between energy intake and predation risk avoidance. It is thus crucial for foragers to adopt appropriate patch use strategy and vigilance level to maximize their expected fitness. Less well known is to what extent personality traits affect such strategies. In this study, we used open field tests to assess boldness and activity levels of striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis), and then measured their foraging behavior and vigilance in semi-natural enclosures using a giving-up density framework. We built generalized linear mixed models to evaluate the effects of activity level, boldness, sex and body weight on these behaviors. Our results indicated that both personality traits and body weight play important roles in shaping hamster behavior. Hamsters with higher activity level tended to spend more time in patches and visit more patches, whereas boldness was negatively related to time spent in patches. Heavier hamsters tended to be less vigilant and spend less time in patches. However, none of these factors significantly affect number of seeds harvested and giving-up density, suggesting that these behavioral or morphological traits did not directly translate into differences in energy intake.