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Purpose <p>To assess the association of diffusion restriction on diffusion weighted MRI (DWI) with complete pathological necrosis (CPN) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following selective internal radiation therapy with Yttrium-90 resin microspheres (SIRT).</p> Methods <p>A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing resection or transplantation for HCC following SIRT was performed. Imaging pre- and post-SIRT was assessed for response to treatment via mRECIST and for the presence of diffusion restriction on DWI. Histological specimens were assessed for complete pathological necrosis (CPN).</p> Results <p>Twenty-nine tumours were included from 25 patients; mRECIST complete response (CR) demonstrated moderate reliability (sensitivity 0.92, specificity 0.68) for predicting CPN. Twelve tumours did not have diffusion restriction on pretreatment DWI; following their exclusion, loss of diffusion restriction demonstrated a weak agreement (sensitivity 0.85, specificity 0.80, Cohen’s Kappa 0.197) for prediction of CPN. The combination of mRECIST CR and loss of diffusion restriction was associated with CPN in 100% (6/6) cases; whilst persistent abnormal diffusion restriction despite mRECIST CR was associated with residual disease in 75% (3/4) cases.</p> Conclusion <p>The combination of mRECIST CR when combined with loss of diffusion restriction appears to predict CPN post SIRT; persistent diffusion restriction despite the findings of mRECIST CR appears to correlate with residual disease.</p>

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Loss of both diffusion restriction and arterial enhancement can predict complete pathological response following Y-90 selective internal radiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Kah Heng Alexander Lim,
  • Matthew Joel Clifford,
  • William Ormiston,
  • Tze Sheng Khor,
  • Khanh Quoc Steven Ngo,
  • Alistair Rowcroft,
  • Lingjun Mou,
  • Luc Delriviere,
  • Michael Wallace,
  • Mayank Bhandari,
  • Mohammad Ballal,
  • Jonathan Tibballs

摘要

Purpose

To assess the association of diffusion restriction on diffusion weighted MRI (DWI) with complete pathological necrosis (CPN) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following selective internal radiation therapy with Yttrium-90 resin microspheres (SIRT).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing resection or transplantation for HCC following SIRT was performed. Imaging pre- and post-SIRT was assessed for response to treatment via mRECIST and for the presence of diffusion restriction on DWI. Histological specimens were assessed for complete pathological necrosis (CPN).

Results

Twenty-nine tumours were included from 25 patients; mRECIST complete response (CR) demonstrated moderate reliability (sensitivity 0.92, specificity 0.68) for predicting CPN. Twelve tumours did not have diffusion restriction on pretreatment DWI; following their exclusion, loss of diffusion restriction demonstrated a weak agreement (sensitivity 0.85, specificity 0.80, Cohen’s Kappa 0.197) for prediction of CPN. The combination of mRECIST CR and loss of diffusion restriction was associated with CPN in 100% (6/6) cases; whilst persistent abnormal diffusion restriction despite mRECIST CR was associated with residual disease in 75% (3/4) cases.

Conclusion

The combination of mRECIST CR when combined with loss of diffusion restriction appears to predict CPN post SIRT; persistent diffusion restriction despite the findings of mRECIST CR appears to correlate with residual disease.