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Purpose <p>To enhance patient safety in nuclear medicine (NM) across Europe by operationalising MARLIN recommendations for implementing incident learning systems (ILSs), including barriers/enablers and practical implementation guidance.</p> Methods <p>A mixed‑methods study (combining a survey, semi‑structured interviews, and a targeted literature review) was performed within the MARLIN project. This was a 24‑month initiative conducted under the European Commission’s Strategic Agenda for Medical Ionising Radiation Applications (SAMIRA) Action Plan, involving European organisations such as EANM, EIBIR, ESTRO, and EFOMP. Surveys were distributed to Clinical Facilities (CFs), Competent Authorities (CAs), and professional societies (PSs). Interviews were used to explore implementation barriers and examples of good practice. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.</p> Results <p>The study revealed significant variability in the criteria for defining and reporting significant radiation events in NM across Europe. While all surveyed countries had designated authorities for managing reported events, only 11/23 had specific criteria for NM. The study identified key enablers and barriers to ILS implementation, including the need for a just culture to encourage reporting without fear of punitive measures. The guidelines recommended criteria for significant radiation events in NM and the organisation of ILSs.</p> Conclusion <p>The MARLIN study provides a comprehensive framework for the systematic implementation of ILSs in NM, highlighting the importance of standardised reporting criteria in several categories, multidisciplinary involvement, and a culture of safety. Addressing the identified barriers and promoting a coordinated effort among stakeholders are crucial for enhancing patient safety in NM across Europe.</p>

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Incident learning systems to improve patient safety in nuclear medicine across Europe: results of the MARLIN study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Carlos Prieto,
  • Ana Geao,
  • Stephan G. Nekolla,
  • Erik Björn Mille,
  • Ora Israel,
  • Gianfranco Brusadin,
  • Jonas Andersson,
  • Maeve Kearney,
  • Andy Rogers,
  • Deniz Akata,
  • Nicolas Pourel,
  • Graciano Paulo,
  • Olivier Pellerin,
  • Barry Hallinan,
  • Monika Hierath,
  • Nathan Peld,
  • Colin Kelly

摘要

Purpose

To enhance patient safety in nuclear medicine (NM) across Europe by operationalising MARLIN recommendations for implementing incident learning systems (ILSs), including barriers/enablers and practical implementation guidance.

Methods

A mixed‑methods study (combining a survey, semi‑structured interviews, and a targeted literature review) was performed within the MARLIN project. This was a 24‑month initiative conducted under the European Commission’s Strategic Agenda for Medical Ionising Radiation Applications (SAMIRA) Action Plan, involving European organisations such as EANM, EIBIR, ESTRO, and EFOMP. Surveys were distributed to Clinical Facilities (CFs), Competent Authorities (CAs), and professional societies (PSs). Interviews were used to explore implementation barriers and examples of good practice. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.

Results

The study revealed significant variability in the criteria for defining and reporting significant radiation events in NM across Europe. While all surveyed countries had designated authorities for managing reported events, only 11/23 had specific criteria for NM. The study identified key enablers and barriers to ILS implementation, including the need for a just culture to encourage reporting without fear of punitive measures. The guidelines recommended criteria for significant radiation events in NM and the organisation of ILSs.

Conclusion

The MARLIN study provides a comprehensive framework for the systematic implementation of ILSs in NM, highlighting the importance of standardised reporting criteria in several categories, multidisciplinary involvement, and a culture of safety. Addressing the identified barriers and promoting a coordinated effort among stakeholders are crucial for enhancing patient safety in NM across Europe.