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Objective <p>Compare the ultrasound findings in primary adhesive capsulitis and a control group to determine the sonographic diagnostic performance.</p> Materials and methods <p>This retrospective single-center study compared US findings in patients with a clinical and MRI diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis and a control group of consecutive patients. The US findings were as follows: coracohumeral ligament thickening, increased tissue and vascularity of the rotator interval, axillary recess thickening and hypervascularity, and subacromial gliding. Ultrasound findings were evaluated by Student’s <i>t</i>-test and Fisher’s exact test (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Results <p>The mean (± SD) thickness of the coracohumeral ligament (2.3 ± 0.6 vs 1.6 ± 0.3; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) was significantly greater in the adhesive capsulitis group (<i>n</i> = 61) than in the control group (<i>n</i> = 69). A cut-off value of 1.6 mm (AUC 0.963, 95% CI 0.934–0.992), yielded 90.2% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity. In the rotator interval, the presence of tissue (72.1% vs 11.6%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and hypervascularity (8.2% vs 0%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.02) were significantly higher in the adhesive capsulitis group. In the axillary recess, the mean thickness in the axial (4.7 ± 1.3 vs 1.4 ± 0.4; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and longitudinal plane (4.4 ± 1.2 vs 1.4 ± 0.5; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) was significantly higher in the adhesive capsulitis group. A cut-off value of 3 mm (AUC 1) obtained 100% sensitivity and specificity. Increased Doppler flow in the axillary recess (9.8% vs 0%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.009) and limited subacromial gliding (93.4% vs 2.9%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were also associated with adhesive capsulitis.</p> Conclusion <p>Several ultrasound findings are typical in primary adhesive capsulitis. Therefore, ultrasound can be considered the first diagnostic tool.</p>

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Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of ultrasound imaging in primary adhesive capsulitis diagnosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • Clara Morandeira,
  • Fernando Diez,
  • Berta Ruiz,
  • Jaime Cardenal,
  • Martin Saenz,
  • Jose Luis del Cura

摘要

Objective

Compare the ultrasound findings in primary adhesive capsulitis and a control group to determine the sonographic diagnostic performance.

Materials and methods

This retrospective single-center study compared US findings in patients with a clinical and MRI diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis and a control group of consecutive patients. The US findings were as follows: coracohumeral ligament thickening, increased tissue and vascularity of the rotator interval, axillary recess thickening and hypervascularity, and subacromial gliding. Ultrasound findings were evaluated by Student’s t-test and Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.05).

Results

The mean (± SD) thickness of the coracohumeral ligament (2.3 ± 0.6 vs 1.6 ± 0.3; p < 0.001) was significantly greater in the adhesive capsulitis group (n = 61) than in the control group (n = 69). A cut-off value of 1.6 mm (AUC 0.963, 95% CI 0.934–0.992), yielded 90.2% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity. In the rotator interval, the presence of tissue (72.1% vs 11.6%; p < 0.001) and hypervascularity (8.2% vs 0%, p < 0.02) were significantly higher in the adhesive capsulitis group. In the axillary recess, the mean thickness in the axial (4.7 ± 1.3 vs 1.4 ± 0.4; p < 0.001) and longitudinal plane (4.4 ± 1.2 vs 1.4 ± 0.5; p < 0.001) was significantly higher in the adhesive capsulitis group. A cut-off value of 3 mm (AUC 1) obtained 100% sensitivity and specificity. Increased Doppler flow in the axillary recess (9.8% vs 0%, p < 0.009) and limited subacromial gliding (93.4% vs 2.9%; p < 0.001) were also associated with adhesive capsulitis.

Conclusion

Several ultrasound findings are typical in primary adhesive capsulitis. Therefore, ultrasound can be considered the first diagnostic tool.