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Abstract <p>The environmental risk posed by 17β-estradiol (E2) and tetracycline (TC) contamination within livestock wastewater has been widely concerned. Especially, the co-occurrence of these pollutants poses a tremendous challenge to their efficient bioremediation, highlighting the need for strains capable of simultaneous E2 and TC removal. In this study, a novel strain of <i>Alkalibacterium</i> sp. AEPI-S25 was successfully isolated from the sediments of Qinghai Lake, demonstrating the ability to remove 89.91% of 20&#xa0;mg L<sup>−1</sup> E2 and nearly 100% of 20&#xa0;mg L<sup>−1</sup> TC simultaneously within 5&#xa0;days. AEPI-S25 exhibited remarkable environmental adaptability and maintained high simultaneous removal efficiency under various stress conditions and the presence of two typical livestock wastewater samples. Based on Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS) analysis, dehydrogenation and monooxygenation were identified as the key steps in the removal pathways of E2 and TC, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing further identified the potential E2/TC removal genes, and the detected potential E2-dehydrogenation (<i>S25_gene0393</i>) and TC-monooxygenation (<i>S25_gene0878</i>) genes were subsequently validated through transcription analysis and heterologous expression. Notably, <i>S25_gene0878</i> exhibited significant differences from the well-characterized TC removal gene <i>TetX</i>, extending a new understanding of the bacterial TC removal mechanism. Overall, this study provides the first report of a single microbial strain capable of simultaneously removing E2 and TC, offering valuable insights for the application of microbial technologies in addressing typical E2-TC combined pollution in livestock wastewater.</p> Key points <p><i>• AEPI-S25 can remove nearly 90% and 100% of 20 mg L−1 E2 and TC within 5 days</i></p> <p><i>• Key E2 (S25_gene0393) and TC (S25_gene0878) removal genes were cloned and expressed</i></p> <p><i>• A novel TC-monooxygenase gene distinct from TetX was discovered within the strain</i></p>

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Effective simultaneous removal of 17β-estradiol and tetracycline by a novel Alkalibacterium strain: characteristics, mechanisms, and application in livestock wastewater treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月27日

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  • Yaqiong Wang,
  • Huike Ye,
  • Wenxin Li,
  • Hanye Ju,
  • Yaodong He,
  • Shuo Yang,
  • Haijiao Liu,
  • Xiaodong Ma,
  • Mohan Bai,
  • Lixia Zhao,
  • Yang Sun,
  • Xiaojing Li

摘要

Abstract

The environmental risk posed by 17β-estradiol (E2) and tetracycline (TC) contamination within livestock wastewater has been widely concerned. Especially, the co-occurrence of these pollutants poses a tremendous challenge to their efficient bioremediation, highlighting the need for strains capable of simultaneous E2 and TC removal. In this study, a novel strain of Alkalibacterium sp. AEPI-S25 was successfully isolated from the sediments of Qinghai Lake, demonstrating the ability to remove 89.91% of 20 mg L−1 E2 and nearly 100% of 20 mg L−1 TC simultaneously within 5 days. AEPI-S25 exhibited remarkable environmental adaptability and maintained high simultaneous removal efficiency under various stress conditions and the presence of two typical livestock wastewater samples. Based on Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS) analysis, dehydrogenation and monooxygenation were identified as the key steps in the removal pathways of E2 and TC, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing further identified the potential E2/TC removal genes, and the detected potential E2-dehydrogenation (S25_gene0393) and TC-monooxygenation (S25_gene0878) genes were subsequently validated through transcription analysis and heterologous expression. Notably, S25_gene0878 exhibited significant differences from the well-characterized TC removal gene TetX, extending a new understanding of the bacterial TC removal mechanism. Overall, this study provides the first report of a single microbial strain capable of simultaneously removing E2 and TC, offering valuable insights for the application of microbial technologies in addressing typical E2-TC combined pollution in livestock wastewater.

Key points

• AEPI-S25 can remove nearly 90% and 100% of 20 mg L−1 E2 and TC within 5 days

• Key E2 (S25_gene0393) and TC (S25_gene0878) removal genes were cloned and expressed

• A novel TC-monooxygenase gene distinct from TetX was discovered within the strain