Background <p>Tendonds disorders are highly prevalent. We aimed to describe the anatomical and morphological features of porcine Achilles tendon (PAT) and to test the feasibility of using the porcine as an animal model for tendon disorders.</p> Methods <p>Ten porcine hindlimbs amputated at the hip level were subjected to anatomical dissection. The gross anatomy of the PAT was carefully observed using the layer-by-layer dissection technique in seven specimens, whereas the vascular anatomy of the PAT was explored in three lard-injected specimens.</p> Results <p>The PAT was located posterior to the distal half of the calf, with a length of 3.714 ± 0.285&#xa0;cm during plantar flexion. The PAT was a relatively loose tendinous structure consisting of the gastrocnemius lateral head tendon (LGt), the gastrocnemius medial head tendon (MGt), the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFt), and the soleus tendon. The rotation of each subtendon was clearly observed in the PAT. Furthermore, the saphenous artery (SA) and the lateral saphenous vein (LSV) descended vertically along the medial and lateral margins of the PAT, respectively, which was vital to the vascularity of the PAT.</p> Conclusions <p>We provide convincing evidence that the Achilles tendon (AT) of humans and porcines share great similarities in terms of anatomy. Therefore, we speculate that porcines could serve as suitable animal models for in vivo studies of tendon disorders.</p> Level of evidence <p>Not ratable.</p>

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A Porcine model for Achilles tendon research: an anatomical and morphological study in fresh cadavers

  • Yanhai Zuo,
  • Aijun Chen

摘要

Background

Tendonds disorders are highly prevalent. We aimed to describe the anatomical and morphological features of porcine Achilles tendon (PAT) and to test the feasibility of using the porcine as an animal model for tendon disorders.

Methods

Ten porcine hindlimbs amputated at the hip level were subjected to anatomical dissection. The gross anatomy of the PAT was carefully observed using the layer-by-layer dissection technique in seven specimens, whereas the vascular anatomy of the PAT was explored in three lard-injected specimens.

Results

The PAT was located posterior to the distal half of the calf, with a length of 3.714 ± 0.285 cm during plantar flexion. The PAT was a relatively loose tendinous structure consisting of the gastrocnemius lateral head tendon (LGt), the gastrocnemius medial head tendon (MGt), the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFt), and the soleus tendon. The rotation of each subtendon was clearly observed in the PAT. Furthermore, the saphenous artery (SA) and the lateral saphenous vein (LSV) descended vertically along the medial and lateral margins of the PAT, respectively, which was vital to the vascularity of the PAT.

Conclusions

We provide convincing evidence that the Achilles tendon (AT) of humans and porcines share great similarities in terms of anatomy. Therefore, we speculate that porcines could serve as suitable animal models for in vivo studies of tendon disorders.

Level of evidence

Not ratable.