Heat transfer enhancement and material transformation in spray quenching of AISI 304 steel with carbon nanotube-infused coolant
摘要
In the Leidenfrost temperature range, the attainment of high heat flux by using conventional spray cooling methodology is the main challenging task for the current generation researchers. The literature indicates that the alteration of spray coolant properties in the favourable direction of heat transfer augments the heat removal rate. However, the degree of increment depends on the proper development of the coolant. Therefore, in the current, an attempt has been made to develop a coolant which minimises the Leidenfrost effect significantly. The addition of CNT alters the thermophysical properties in the favourable direction of heat transfer and augments the heat removal rate by enhancing the heat transfer area and changing heat transfer mode from convection through vapour to conduction in the deposited CNT particles during evaporation. However, the open literature does not reveal any information related to CNT particles and spray cooling at high temperature. Therefore, this study investigates the role of CNT particles in the spray quenching performance from very high initial surface temperature (>900 oC). The result indicates that the highest critical heat flux (CHF=2.938 MW/m2) and average heat transfer coefficient (AHC) are observed in case of 200 ppm CNT-infused water, achieving 55.1 % higher heat flux than pure water, attributed to increment in interfacial area and alteration in heat transfer mechanism from convection to conduction mode. In addition to the above, an empirical co-relationship among Nusselt number (Nu), Reynolds (Re) and Weber (We) numbers has been developed and this achieves 95% accuracy. The heat transfer augmentation is supported by droplet dynamics, dark zone diameter, and post surface roughness measurement. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of the substrate (AISI-304) diminishes with the increasing CNT concentrations in the water. The analysis of the used coolant indicates increment in the total suspended solid level at higher CNT concentration.