Optimization of irreversibility factor with higher heat transfer rate in different pore density metal foams
摘要
The present study aims to evaluate the heat transfer enhancement and thermodynamic performance of metal foams with different pore densities (PPI) integrated into a heated horizontal pipe. Numerical simulations were conducted in ANSYS Fluent for pore densities ranging from 10 to 45 PPI using the Darcy–Extended Forchheimer (DEF) model and the local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) approach to capture detailed flow and thermal interactions. Model predictions were validated against experimental data from the literature, showing good agreement. The novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive thermodynamic assessment, which includes determining the maximum exergy limits, quantifying the contributions of flow and heat transfer irreversibility to exergy destruction, and identifying the optimal pore density through the evaluation of merit functions. Results show that increasing PPI enhances heat transfer but simultaneously intensifies irreversibility. Considering both heat transfer enhancement and irreversibility factors, the 10 PPI foam demonstrates the most favorable thermodynamic performance among the cases examined.