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<p>Human-induced climate change is disrupting natural processes and biological diversity. This fact has a significant impact on beach ecosystems and exacerbates the vulnerability of the natural ecosystem, underscoring the urgent need for conservation efforts. Rising sand temperatures could threaten sea turtle populations by causing higher embryonic mortality, increased feminization, and poorer hatchling performance. Studying the impact of high incubation temperatures on sea turtle survival and reproduction is crucial for implementing conservation strategies properly. In this study, we assessed the effects of two nest shading&#xa0;methods: artificial mesh shading and natural shading, using <i>Phoenix atlantica</i> leaves (a nature-based solution), on <i>Caretta caretta</i> nests on Boa Vista Island, Republic of Cabo Verde. We evaluated how these shading treatments influenced sand temperature, incubation period, hatching and emergence success, predicted offspring sex ratio, and hatchling biometric measurements. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in sand temperature (&lt; 2.1°C), an increase in the incubation period (&gt;7 days), and sex ratio estimates of 1:1 in shaded areas, compared to sun treatments (100 % females). These results provide insight into the effectiveness of nest shading as a climate mitigation technique and illustrate important points of consideration in crafting such strategies. Nature-based solution represents effective, low-cost, more environmentally friendly, and low-technology conservation strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on sea turtles.</p>

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Effects of artificial shading on nest incubation and sex-ratio of Caretta caretta in Boa Vista Island, Cabo Verde

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Sara Rodrigues,
  • Sara Teles,
  • Adolfo Marco,
  • Sara C. Antunes

摘要

Human-induced climate change is disrupting natural processes and biological diversity. This fact has a significant impact on beach ecosystems and exacerbates the vulnerability of the natural ecosystem, underscoring the urgent need for conservation efforts. Rising sand temperatures could threaten sea turtle populations by causing higher embryonic mortality, increased feminization, and poorer hatchling performance. Studying the impact of high incubation temperatures on sea turtle survival and reproduction is crucial for implementing conservation strategies properly. In this study, we assessed the effects of two nest shading methods: artificial mesh shading and natural shading, using Phoenix atlantica leaves (a nature-based solution), on Caretta caretta nests on Boa Vista Island, Republic of Cabo Verde. We evaluated how these shading treatments influenced sand temperature, incubation period, hatching and emergence success, predicted offspring sex ratio, and hatchling biometric measurements. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in sand temperature (< 2.1°C), an increase in the incubation period (>7 days), and sex ratio estimates of 1:1 in shaded areas, compared to sun treatments (100 % females). These results provide insight into the effectiveness of nest shading as a climate mitigation technique and illustrate important points of consideration in crafting such strategies. Nature-based solution represents effective, low-cost, more environmentally friendly, and low-technology conservation strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on sea turtles.