<p>The dispersion or spatial arrangement of seafloor organisms, and the flow regimes to which they are exposed, have likely implications for their interactions with predators. Two types of dispersion are evident among these organisms: a random pattern and, more often, a clustered or aggregated pattern. The latter is common among softbottom bivalves such as the hard clam (<i>Mercenaria mercenaria</i>), a species sought after by predators like the European green crab (<i>Carcinus maenas</i>). This study assessed green crab – hard clam interactions by adapting the working area of a racetrack flume to quantify crab feeding rates on clams arranged in either clustered or random patterns and exposed to two flow regimes (5 and 15&#xa0;cm sec<sup>−1</sup>). A series of trials using two initial clam densities found that in low flow conditions, crab feeding rates were consistently higher on clams arranged in clustered than random patterns. However, these sharp differences were eliminated in trials conducted at 15&#xa0;cm sec<sup>−1</sup>, highlighting the strong interaction of prey distribution and flow as key mediators of local scale feeding rates of a prominent coastal predator.</p>

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Prey spatial distribution and flow regimes modulate predator’s feeding rates: green crab – hard clam interactions as a case study

  • Pedro A. Quijón,
  • Patricia A. Ramey-Balci,
  • K. Devon Lynn

摘要

The dispersion or spatial arrangement of seafloor organisms, and the flow regimes to which they are exposed, have likely implications for their interactions with predators. Two types of dispersion are evident among these organisms: a random pattern and, more often, a clustered or aggregated pattern. The latter is common among softbottom bivalves such as the hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria), a species sought after by predators like the European green crab (Carcinus maenas). This study assessed green crab – hard clam interactions by adapting the working area of a racetrack flume to quantify crab feeding rates on clams arranged in either clustered or random patterns and exposed to two flow regimes (5 and 15 cm sec−1). A series of trials using two initial clam densities found that in low flow conditions, crab feeding rates were consistently higher on clams arranged in clustered than random patterns. However, these sharp differences were eliminated in trials conducted at 15 cm sec−1, highlighting the strong interaction of prey distribution and flow as key mediators of local scale feeding rates of a prominent coastal predator.