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<p>Salt crystallization at evaporation interfaces severely limits the efficiency and durability of solar-driven desalination systems, hindering their practical application. Here, we employed alkali-treated and dried rattan waste to construct a solar evaporator with a hierarchically porous substrate, and further incorporated poly-dopamine (PDA) to prepare the PDA-modified rattan evaporator (PDA-AR), achieving synergistically enhanced evaporation efficiency and long-term salt resistance. PDA-AR features contracted macroscopic pores (100–200&#xa0;μm) and a dense framework, which increases the effective evaporation area. In a 20 wt% salt solution, PDA-AR exhibits a high evaporation rate (1.47&#xa0;kg·m<sup>− 2</sup>·h<sup>− 1</sup>) and high photothermal efficiency (90.4%). And it maintains stable salt resistance for 30 consecutive cycles. Mechanistic studies reveal that PDA-AR enhances capillary forces and hydrogen bonding through pore contraction, thereby improving water transport capability and compressive strength via rapid salt dissolution. Furthermore, PDA-AR exhibits strong environmental adaptability, effectively purifying dye-contaminated water, as confirmed by UV–vis absorption spectra showing removal of methylene blue (~ 291 and ~ 664&#xa0;nm) and methyl orange (~ 273 and ~ 465&#xa0;nm). This work highlights microstructure regulation as a viable strategy to optimize solar evaporators, offering scalable solutions for sustainable desalination and water purification.</p>

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A polydopamine-modified rattan porous solar evaporator with high evaporation performance achieving salt-crystallization resistance and environmentally adaptive water purification

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月20日

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  • Changzhu Huang,
  • Weijie Wu,
  • Yaqin Zhu,
  • Zuobao Yang,
  • Yong Huang,
  • Gaigai Duan,
  • Shuijian He,
  • Chunmei Zhang,
  • Xiaoshuai Han,
  • Shaohua Jiang

摘要

Salt crystallization at evaporation interfaces severely limits the efficiency and durability of solar-driven desalination systems, hindering their practical application. Here, we employed alkali-treated and dried rattan waste to construct a solar evaporator with a hierarchically porous substrate, and further incorporated poly-dopamine (PDA) to prepare the PDA-modified rattan evaporator (PDA-AR), achieving synergistically enhanced evaporation efficiency and long-term salt resistance. PDA-AR features contracted macroscopic pores (100–200 μm) and a dense framework, which increases the effective evaporation area. In a 20 wt% salt solution, PDA-AR exhibits a high evaporation rate (1.47 kg·m− 2·h− 1) and high photothermal efficiency (90.4%). And it maintains stable salt resistance for 30 consecutive cycles. Mechanistic studies reveal that PDA-AR enhances capillary forces and hydrogen bonding through pore contraction, thereby improving water transport capability and compressive strength via rapid salt dissolution. Furthermore, PDA-AR exhibits strong environmental adaptability, effectively purifying dye-contaminated water, as confirmed by UV–vis absorption spectra showing removal of methylene blue (~ 291 and ~ 664 nm) and methyl orange (~ 273 and ~ 465 nm). This work highlights microstructure regulation as a viable strategy to optimize solar evaporators, offering scalable solutions for sustainable desalination and water purification.