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<p>Old Maid is a popular card game. While typically played with three or more players, it is less enjoyable with only two people. To address this, we propose a protocol to create a virtual player, Carol, by making use of card-based cryptography when only two people, Alice and Bob, are available to play Old Maid. Specifically, we design a card-based protocol to remove any pair of cards having the same number in Carol’s hand (namely, the virtual player’s hand) without leaking any information about Carol’s hand (more than necessary); our protocol uses additional cards aside from playing cards that are used in Old Maid. Using our protocol, without any third human player, Alice and Bob can have fun with Old Maid!</p>

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How to Play Old Maid with Virtual Players

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月1日

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  • Kazumasa Shinagawa,
  • Daiki Miyahara,
  • Takaaki Mizuki

摘要

Old Maid is a popular card game. While typically played with three or more players, it is less enjoyable with only two people. To address this, we propose a protocol to create a virtual player, Carol, by making use of card-based cryptography when only two people, Alice and Bob, are available to play Old Maid. Specifically, we design a card-based protocol to remove any pair of cards having the same number in Carol’s hand (namely, the virtual player’s hand) without leaking any information about Carol’s hand (more than necessary); our protocol uses additional cards aside from playing cards that are used in Old Maid. Using our protocol, without any third human player, Alice and Bob can have fun with Old Maid!