<p>Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="74" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(T=(\mathbb {C}^*)^k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>T</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> </mrow> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> act on <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="59" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V=\mathbb {C}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> faithfully and preserving the volume form, i.e. <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="112" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\mathbb {C}^*)^k \hookrightarrow \text {SL}(V)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> </mrow> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">↪</mo> <mtext>SL</mtext> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. On the B-side, we have toric stacks <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="26" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z_W\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>W</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (see Eq.&#xa0;<InternalRef RefID="Equ1">1.1</InternalRef>) labelled by walls <i>W</i> in the GKZ fan, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="29" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z_{/F}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> labelled by faces of a polytope corresponding to minimal semi-orthogonal decomposition (SOD) components. The B-side multiplicity <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="35" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n^B_{W,F}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> <mi>B</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, well-defined by a result of Kite and Segal (Commun Math Phys 390:907-931, 2022), is the number of times <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="73" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\,\textrm{Coh}\,}}(Z_{/F})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>Coh</mtext> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> appears in a complete SOD of <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="70" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\,\textrm{Coh}\,}}(Z_W)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>Coh</mtext> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>W</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. On the A-side, we have the GKZ discriminant loci components <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="86" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nabla _F \subset (\mathbb {C}^*)^k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>F</mi> </msub> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> </mrow> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and its tropicalization <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="79" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nabla ^{trop}_{F} \subset \mathbb {R}^k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">trop</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The A-side multiplicity <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="35" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n^A_{W, F}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> <mi>A</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is defined as the multiplicity of the tropical complex <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="39" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nabla ^{trop}_{F}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">trop</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> on wall <i>W</i>. We prove that <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5266_Article_IEq13.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="91" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n^A_{W,F} = n^B_{W,F }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> <mi>A</mi> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> <mi>B</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, confirming a conjecture in Kite and Segal (Commun Math Phys 390:907-931, 2022) inspired by (Aspinwall et al. in Mirror symmetry and discriminants, <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.04661">http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.04661</a>, 2017). Our proof is based on the result of Horja and Katzarkov (Discriminants and toric K-theory, <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.00903">http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.00903</a>, 2022) and a lemma about B-side SOD multiplicity, which allows us to reduce to lower dimension just as in A-side (Gelfand et al. in Discriminants, resultants and multidimen sional determinants, Birkahuser, Boston, 1994) [Ch 11].</p>

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GKZ Discriminant and Multiplicities

  • Jesse Huang,
  • Peng Zhou

摘要

Let \(T=(\mathbb {C}^*)^k\) T = ( C ) k act on \(V=\mathbb {C}^N\) V = C N faithfully and preserving the volume form, i.e. \((\mathbb {C}^*)^k \hookrightarrow \text {SL}(V)\) ( C ) k SL ( V ) . On the B-side, we have toric stacks \(Z_W\) Z W (see Eq. 1.1) labelled by walls W in the GKZ fan, and \(Z_{/F}\) Z / F labelled by faces of a polytope corresponding to minimal semi-orthogonal decomposition (SOD) components. The B-side multiplicity \(n^B_{W,F}\) n W , F B , well-defined by a result of Kite and Segal (Commun Math Phys 390:907-931, 2022), is the number of times \({{\,\textrm{Coh}\,}}(Z_{/F})\) Coh ( Z / F ) appears in a complete SOD of \({{\,\textrm{Coh}\,}}(Z_W)\) Coh ( Z W ) . On the A-side, we have the GKZ discriminant loci components \(\nabla _F \subset (\mathbb {C}^*)^k\) F ( C ) k , and its tropicalization \(\nabla ^{trop}_{F} \subset \mathbb {R}^k\) F trop R k . The A-side multiplicity \(n^A_{W, F}\) n W , F A is defined as the multiplicity of the tropical complex \(\nabla ^{trop}_{F}\) F trop on wall W. We prove that \(n^A_{W,F} = n^B_{W,F }\) n W , F A = n W , F B , confirming a conjecture in Kite and Segal (Commun Math Phys 390:907-931, 2022) inspired by (Aspinwall et al. in Mirror symmetry and discriminants, http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.04661, 2017). Our proof is based on the result of Horja and Katzarkov (Discriminants and toric K-theory, http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.00903, 2022) and a lemma about B-side SOD multiplicity, which allows us to reduce to lower dimension just as in A-side (Gelfand et al. in Discriminants, resultants and multidimen sional determinants, Birkahuser, Boston, 1994) [Ch 11].