<p>We study the nearest-neighbour Ising and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varphi ^4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>φ</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> models on <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {Z}}^d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d\ge 3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and obtain new lower bounds on their two-point functions at (and near) criticality. Together with the classical infrared bound, these bounds turn into up to constant estimates when <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d\ge 5\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>5</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. When <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d=4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we obtain an “almost” sharp lower bound corrected by a logarithmic factor. As a consequence of these results, we show that <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\eta =0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>η</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu =1/2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> when <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d\ge 4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\eta \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>η</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the critical exponent associated with the decay of the model’s two-point function at criticality and <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ν</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the critical exponent of the correlation length <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq13.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="34" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\xi (\beta )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ξ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. When <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq14.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d=3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we improve previous results and obtain that <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq15.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="59" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\eta \le 1/2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>η</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. As a byproduct of our proofs, we also derive the blow-up at criticality of the so-called bubble diagram when <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="220_2025_5236_Article_IEq16.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="56" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d=3,4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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New Lower Bounds for the (Near) Critical Ising and \(\varphi ^4\) Models’ Two-Point Functions

  • Hugo Duminil-Copin,
  • Romain Panis

摘要

We study the nearest-neighbour Ising and \(\varphi ^4\) φ 4 models on \({\mathbb {Z}}^d\) Z d with \(d\ge 3\) d 3 and obtain new lower bounds on their two-point functions at (and near) criticality. Together with the classical infrared bound, these bounds turn into up to constant estimates when \(d\ge 5\) d 5 . When \(d=4\) d = 4 , we obtain an “almost” sharp lower bound corrected by a logarithmic factor. As a consequence of these results, we show that \(\eta =0\) η = 0 and \(\nu =1/2\) ν = 1 / 2 when \(d\ge 4\) d 4 , where \(\eta \) η is the critical exponent associated with the decay of the model’s two-point function at criticality and \(\nu \) ν is the critical exponent of the correlation length \(\xi (\beta )\) ξ ( β ) . When \(d=3\) d = 3 , we improve previous results and obtain that \(\eta \le 1/2\) η 1 / 2 . As a byproduct of our proofs, we also derive the blow-up at criticality of the so-called bubble diagram when \(d=3,4\) d = 3 , 4 .