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<p>There is currently a general trend in the food-industry towards simplifying extraction protocols to obtain high yields in as few steps as possible. In the case of broccoli by-products no information is available on sequential extraction of phytochemicals and pectic polysaccharides. Therefore, in this work, a sustainable approach for the integral use of broccoli by-products was studied. Firstly, a phytochemical-enriched extract was obtained using 70% ethanol (50&#xa0;°C, 30&#xa0;min), using four different devices (plate stirring (PS), high-speed homogeniser (HSH), ultrasonic bath and ultrasonic probe). PS led to the highest phytochemical extract yield (32.4%) and total polyphenol content (16.3&#xa0;mg GAE/g DW), as well as a high antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assays). However, soluble carbohydrates were the most abundant fraction (447&#xa0;mg/g DW) in phytochemical-enriched extracts. Afterwards, alcohol-insoluble residue was subjected to extraction with 3.5% citric acid (95&#xa0;°C, 30&#xa0;min, pH 2) and two devices (PS and HSH) to obtain pectic polysaccharides. The highest pectic polysaccharide yield was obtained with HSH (3.5%). These polysaccharides corresponded to a rhamnogalacturonan-I enriched fraction (22.7% galacturonic acid, 5.9% rhamnose, 64.0% other neutral pectic sugars and 51.1% degree of methyl-esterification). The successful phytochemicals and pectic polysaccharides sequential extraction from broccoli by-products seems to indicate that, this preliminary approach open a new way to the integral use of broccoli by-products with milder conditions as compared to industry.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Preliminary approach to the integral use of broccoli by-products

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Matías Gabaldón,
  • Mar Villamiel,
  • Antonia Montilla

摘要

There is currently a general trend in the food-industry towards simplifying extraction protocols to obtain high yields in as few steps as possible. In the case of broccoli by-products no information is available on sequential extraction of phytochemicals and pectic polysaccharides. Therefore, in this work, a sustainable approach for the integral use of broccoli by-products was studied. Firstly, a phytochemical-enriched extract was obtained using 70% ethanol (50 °C, 30 min), using four different devices (plate stirring (PS), high-speed homogeniser (HSH), ultrasonic bath and ultrasonic probe). PS led to the highest phytochemical extract yield (32.4%) and total polyphenol content (16.3 mg GAE/g DW), as well as a high antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assays). However, soluble carbohydrates were the most abundant fraction (447 mg/g DW) in phytochemical-enriched extracts. Afterwards, alcohol-insoluble residue was subjected to extraction with 3.5% citric acid (95 °C, 30 min, pH 2) and two devices (PS and HSH) to obtain pectic polysaccharides. The highest pectic polysaccharide yield was obtained with HSH (3.5%). These polysaccharides corresponded to a rhamnogalacturonan-I enriched fraction (22.7% galacturonic acid, 5.9% rhamnose, 64.0% other neutral pectic sugars and 51.1% degree of methyl-esterification). The successful phytochemicals and pectic polysaccharides sequential extraction from broccoli by-products seems to indicate that, this preliminary approach open a new way to the integral use of broccoli by-products with milder conditions as compared to industry.

Graphical abstract