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<p>Vegetable quality deteriorates rapidly during storage due to nutrient loss, texture degradation, and microbial proliferation, highlighting the need for preservation strategies grounded in physical principles. This study investigated the biophysical basis of kale leaf preservation using cryo-osmotic processing, a method that integrates osmotic dehydration with low temperatures, augmented by radio frequency (RF) radiation as a structural stimulus. Kale samples were immersed in sucrose solutions (50%, 55%, 60%) and stored at 1&#xa0;°C to 5&#xa0;°C for 3–9&#xa0;h, with selected samples exposed to RF radiation (1.5&#xa0;kW, 27.12&#xa0;MHz) for 10&#xa0;min. Controls were maintained under ambient conditions (60% RH, 25&#xa0;°C). The control group exhibited moderate quality indices: vitamin C at 12&#xa0;mg/100&#xa0;g, firmness at 6.8&#xa0;N, and total coliform counts at 4.17 log CFU/g. In contrast, samples treated with 50% sucrose at 1&#xa0;°C for 3&#xa0;h followed by RF exposure significantly enhanced vitamin C and structural firmness but suppressed microbial growth (<i>P </i> &lt; 0.05). These improvements were attributed to biophysical mechanisms: cryo-osmosis facilitated water activity reduction and structural stabilization via osmotic gradients at low thermal conductivity, while RF radiation enhanced moisture migration through dielectric heating and disrupted microbial membranes through localized thermal stress. However, extended storage at 5&#xa0;°C for 9&#xa0;h led to diminished quality due to structural fatigue and microbial rebound. Overall, these results suggest that cryo-osmotic processing, coupled with RF-assisted energy delivery, offers a biophysically driven pathway for maintaining kale leaf quality during cold-chain storage.</p>

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Enhancing preservation of Kale leaves (Brassica Oleracea var. acephala) using cryo-osmotic processing combined with radio frequency radiation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • Adeshina Fadeyibi,
  • Emmanuel Adetayo Adekanye,
  • Yusuf Olanrewaju Alausa

摘要

Vegetable quality deteriorates rapidly during storage due to nutrient loss, texture degradation, and microbial proliferation, highlighting the need for preservation strategies grounded in physical principles. This study investigated the biophysical basis of kale leaf preservation using cryo-osmotic processing, a method that integrates osmotic dehydration with low temperatures, augmented by radio frequency (RF) radiation as a structural stimulus. Kale samples were immersed in sucrose solutions (50%, 55%, 60%) and stored at 1 °C to 5 °C for 3–9 h, with selected samples exposed to RF radiation (1.5 kW, 27.12 MHz) for 10 min. Controls were maintained under ambient conditions (60% RH, 25 °C). The control group exhibited moderate quality indices: vitamin C at 12 mg/100 g, firmness at 6.8 N, and total coliform counts at 4.17 log CFU/g. In contrast, samples treated with 50% sucrose at 1 °C for 3 h followed by RF exposure significantly enhanced vitamin C and structural firmness but suppressed microbial growth (P  < 0.05). These improvements were attributed to biophysical mechanisms: cryo-osmosis facilitated water activity reduction and structural stabilization via osmotic gradients at low thermal conductivity, while RF radiation enhanced moisture migration through dielectric heating and disrupted microbial membranes through localized thermal stress. However, extended storage at 5 °C for 9 h led to diminished quality due to structural fatigue and microbial rebound. Overall, these results suggest that cryo-osmotic processing, coupled with RF-assisted energy delivery, offers a biophysically driven pathway for maintaining kale leaf quality during cold-chain storage.