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<p>Real-time profiling of plant volatiles provides insight into metabolic regulation, yet rapid and high-throughput characterization remains analytically challenging. Here, we apply temperature programming secondary electrospray ionization (TP-SESI) mass spectrometry to compare volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles from wild-type and <i>PAP1</i>-overexpressing tobacco (<i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>). This study extends the application of TP-SESI, which was originally developed for plant volatile analysis, to evaluate genotype-specific metabolic differences. TP-SESI enabled sensitive detection of VOCs and semi-volatile compounds spanning three major plant volatile classes: terpenoids, phenylpropanoids/benzenoids, and fatty acid derivatives, across both genotypes. While the two genotypes shared many detected features, <i>PAP1</i>-overexpressing plants were associated with upregulation of these indicated VOCs, suggesting broad metabolic reprogramming associated with <i>PAP1</i> activation. Statistical analyses revealed clear separation between genotypes, demonstrating TP-SESI captures robust, reproducible metabolic differences in intact plant tissue. These results suggest that TP-SESI is capable of detecting genotype-associated variations in plant volatile emissions and may be useful for examining transcription factor–related changes in plant metabolism.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Differentiation of wild-type and PAP1-overexpressing tobacco by volatile organic compound profiling using TP-SESI mass spectrometry

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月20日

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  • Sarah M. Ashbacher,
  • De-Yu Xie,
  • David C. Muddiman

摘要

Real-time profiling of plant volatiles provides insight into metabolic regulation, yet rapid and high-throughput characterization remains analytically challenging. Here, we apply temperature programming secondary electrospray ionization (TP-SESI) mass spectrometry to compare volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles from wild-type and PAP1-overexpressing tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). This study extends the application of TP-SESI, which was originally developed for plant volatile analysis, to evaluate genotype-specific metabolic differences. TP-SESI enabled sensitive detection of VOCs and semi-volatile compounds spanning three major plant volatile classes: terpenoids, phenylpropanoids/benzenoids, and fatty acid derivatives, across both genotypes. While the two genotypes shared many detected features, PAP1-overexpressing plants were associated with upregulation of these indicated VOCs, suggesting broad metabolic reprogramming associated with PAP1 activation. Statistical analyses revealed clear separation between genotypes, demonstrating TP-SESI captures robust, reproducible metabolic differences in intact plant tissue. These results suggest that TP-SESI is capable of detecting genotype-associated variations in plant volatile emissions and may be useful for examining transcription factor–related changes in plant metabolism.

Graphical abstract