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<p>Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a highly sensitive detection technique; however, its inherently low selectivity is a significant challenge in analytical and sensing applications. In this study, we developed a system for the specific determination of the pharmaceutical bromhexine (BH). In this system, ECL was combined with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) capable of molecular recognition. A BH-template-based MIP-modified electrode, synthesized by electrolytic polymerization, was prepared. Interestingly, the MIP-modified electrode robustly immobilized the template molecule via peroxidation during electrolytic synthesis. The sensitivity was approximately three times that without further oxidation. X-ray absorption fine structure measurements were performed using synchrotron radiation to characterize interactions between the analyte and the polymer. From the results, a complex mechanism involving hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and halogen-π interactions was inferred between the analytical chemical species and the polymer. The fabricated MIP-modified electrode was applied to determine BH in commercially available pharmaceuticals, prescription drugs, and biological urine samples. The results were compared with those from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This system shows potential for development into a selective sensor.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Bromhexine screening using molecularly imprinted polymers for electrochemiluminescence detection and molecular recognition

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Fumiki Takahashi,
  • Shota Ohno,
  • Masachika Yoshida,
  • Yuta Harayama,
  • Kanya Kobayashi,
  • Katsuya Nakamura,
  • Takuma Kaneko,
  • Tomoya Uruga,
  • Yasuo Seto,
  • Hirosuke Tatsumi,
  • Jiye Jin

摘要

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a highly sensitive detection technique; however, its inherently low selectivity is a significant challenge in analytical and sensing applications. In this study, we developed a system for the specific determination of the pharmaceutical bromhexine (BH). In this system, ECL was combined with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) capable of molecular recognition. A BH-template-based MIP-modified electrode, synthesized by electrolytic polymerization, was prepared. Interestingly, the MIP-modified electrode robustly immobilized the template molecule via peroxidation during electrolytic synthesis. The sensitivity was approximately three times that without further oxidation. X-ray absorption fine structure measurements were performed using synchrotron radiation to characterize interactions between the analyte and the polymer. From the results, a complex mechanism involving hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and halogen-π interactions was inferred between the analytical chemical species and the polymer. The fabricated MIP-modified electrode was applied to determine BH in commercially available pharmaceuticals, prescription drugs, and biological urine samples. The results were compared with those from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This system shows potential for development into a selective sensor.

Graphical abstract