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<p>Quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as highly sensitive fluorescent markers for lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) due to their excellent fluorescence brightness and photostability. The incorporation of multiple QDs onto a carrier can further enhance detection sensitivity. However, traditional carriers such as polystyrene, while commercially successful, involve complex preparation processes and rely on organic solvents, which can lead to fluorescence quenching and adversely affect detection performance. In this study, we selected isoreticular metal–organic framework-3 (IRMOF-3), characterized by its porous structure, high surface area, and abundant amine functional groups, as the carrier. We synthesized IRMOF-3@CdSe/ZnS composite nanoparticles with an average diameter of 378 ± 46&#xa0;nm by coupling carboxyl-modified CdSe/ZnS QDs to the&#xa0;IRMOF-3 surface through an aqueous synthesis method. These nanocomposites efficiently loaded a high density of QDs without aggregation, thereby maintaining strong fluorescence intensity. Moreover, the abundant amino and carboxyl groups on their surfaces facilitate efficient antibody conjugation, and the nanoparticles retain excellent water dispersibility after labeling. Utilizing IRMOF-3@CdSe/ZnS composite nanoparticles as immunomarkers, we developed a novel fluorescent LFIA for the detection of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a biomarker associated with various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The method achieved a limit of detection for IL-6 as low as 8.6&#xa0;pg/mL, with relative standard deviations ranging from 2.73% to 6.14% and spiking recoveries between 96.4% and 110.8%. Passing-Bablok regression analysis demonstrated good consistency between our method and commercially available immunochromatography assays. The IRMOF-3@CdSe/ZnS composite nanoparticles, as a novel fluorescent label, exhibit considerable potential for applications in biomedical detection.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Isoreticular metal–organic framework-3 as a carrier of quantum dots for fluorescent immunolabeling in ultrasensitive lateral flow immunoassay of interleukin-6

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月21日

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  • Shirong Zhang,
  • Yuxin Tan,
  • Yilei Liu,
  • Yafei Li,
  • Jishun Li,
  • Shenglan Zhang,
  • Hongcheng Pan

摘要

Quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as highly sensitive fluorescent markers for lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) due to their excellent fluorescence brightness and photostability. The incorporation of multiple QDs onto a carrier can further enhance detection sensitivity. However, traditional carriers such as polystyrene, while commercially successful, involve complex preparation processes and rely on organic solvents, which can lead to fluorescence quenching and adversely affect detection performance. In this study, we selected isoreticular metal–organic framework-3 (IRMOF-3), characterized by its porous structure, high surface area, and abundant amine functional groups, as the carrier. We synthesized IRMOF-3@CdSe/ZnS composite nanoparticles with an average diameter of 378 ± 46 nm by coupling carboxyl-modified CdSe/ZnS QDs to the IRMOF-3 surface through an aqueous synthesis method. These nanocomposites efficiently loaded a high density of QDs without aggregation, thereby maintaining strong fluorescence intensity. Moreover, the abundant amino and carboxyl groups on their surfaces facilitate efficient antibody conjugation, and the nanoparticles retain excellent water dispersibility after labeling. Utilizing IRMOF-3@CdSe/ZnS composite nanoparticles as immunomarkers, we developed a novel fluorescent LFIA for the detection of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a biomarker associated with various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The method achieved a limit of detection for IL-6 as low as 8.6 pg/mL, with relative standard deviations ranging from 2.73% to 6.14% and spiking recoveries between 96.4% and 110.8%. Passing-Bablok regression analysis demonstrated good consistency between our method and commercially available immunochromatography assays. The IRMOF-3@CdSe/ZnS composite nanoparticles, as a novel fluorescent label, exhibit considerable potential for applications in biomedical detection.

Graphical abstract