Rationale <p>Understanding the impact of delayed consequences on decision-making is a scientific goal with important clinical implications. Previous research suggests that dopamine-agonist administration decreases sensitivity to the delay of positive events, but its impact on sensitivity to the delay of aversive events has been scarcely studied.</p> Objective <p>The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute administration of methylphenidate (MPH) on rats’ temporal discounting of aversive consequences.</p> Method <p>Sixteen Wistar rats were trained in a choice task that presented a choice between (a) an immediate small reward without punishment and (b) an immediate large reward accompanied by an electric shock delayed by 0, 4, 8, 12, or 16&#xa0;s. These delays were presented within a session in ascending order for half of the subjects and in descending order for the remaining subjects. When preference was stable, different doses of MPH (4, 8, and 16&#xa0;mg/kg) were administered.</p> Results <p>For both groups of rats, MPH reduced preference for the alternative associated with shock in a dose-dependent way. Additionally, results from a control condition in which shock was presented immediately indicated that MPH did not increase sensitivity to the shock.</p> Conclusions <p>Taken together, these findings suggest that MPH reduces temporal discounting of aversive consequences and highlights the involvement of the dopaminergic system in decision-making involving delayed aversive consequences. Further research is needed to better understand the specific pharmacological mechanisms underlying these results.</p>