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Rationale <p>Acute sleep restriction is a prevalent issue among young adults, significantly impairing cognitive functions, particularly short-term memory. Melatonin, known for its role in circadian rhythm regulation and neuroprotection, presents a promising intervention for mitigating these deficits.</p> Objectives <p>This study aimed to determine the effect of timed melatonin administration on short-term memory retention in young adults (aged 18–23) undergoing acute sleep restriction. We hypothesized that melatonin would mitigate the decline in memory retention and exert a significant, independent effect.</p> Methods <p>A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design was employed over three days, involving 60 healthy university-aged individuals (30 per group). Participants received either 3&#xa0;mg melatonin or an identical placebo 30&#xa0;min before bedtime on two nights of sleep restriction. Short-term memory was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), with adjusted memory retention percentage as the primary outcome. Cognitive ability (WAIS-IV Digit Span) and subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were also measured. Statistical analysis included paired and independent t-tests, and multivariate regression.</p> Results <p>Both groups were well-matched at baseline in memory score (<i>p</i> = 0.770), cognitive ability (<i>p</i> = 0.083), and sleep quality (<i>p</i> = 0.708). The placebo group showed a significant decline in memory score from baseline (mean ± standard deviation: 84.06 ± 4.50) to post-intervention (69.00 ± 6.74; t(29) = 16.62,<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001,Cohen′sd = − 3.04). While the melatonin group also experienced a reduction (baseline: 84.40 ± 4.66; post-intervention: 77.48 ± 5.41; t(29) = 10.44,<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001,Cohen′sd = − 1.91), their adjusted memory retention was significantly higher (mean ± standard deviation: 92.19% ± 3.89%) compared to the placebo group (82.00% ± 6.22%; t(58) = 7.60,<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001,Cohen′sd = 1.96). Multivariate regression confirmed that group assignment (melatonin vs. placebo) was a significant predictor of adjusted memory retention (β = 10.35,<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while cognitive ability (<i>p</i> = 0.772) and subjective sleep quality (<i>p</i> = 0.293) were not.</p> Conclusions <p>Timed melatonin administration effectively mitigated the decline in short-term memory retention during acute sleep restriction in young adults. These findings support the use of melatonin as a potential countermeasure for cognitive deficits associated with sleep deprivation, demonstrating a significant independent effect.</p>

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The role of melatonin timing on short-term memory retention during sleep restriction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Karyme M. Alemán-Villa,
  • Hugo J. Sosa-Arámbula,
  • David A. Armienta-Rojas,
  • Josué Camberos-Barraza,
  • Ángel R. Rábago-Monzón,
  • Alejandro Camacho-Zamora,
  • Juan F. Osuna-Ramos,
  • Javier A. Magaña-Gómez,
  • Alma M. Guadrón-Llanos,
  • Loranda Calderón-Zamora,
  • Claudia D. Norzagaray-Valenzuela,
  • Marco A. Valdez-Flores,
  • Verónica J. Picos-Cárdenas,
  • Emiliano Terán-Bobadilla,
  • Alberto K. De la Herrán-Arita

摘要

Rationale

Acute sleep restriction is a prevalent issue among young adults, significantly impairing cognitive functions, particularly short-term memory. Melatonin, known for its role in circadian rhythm regulation and neuroprotection, presents a promising intervention for mitigating these deficits.

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the effect of timed melatonin administration on short-term memory retention in young adults (aged 18–23) undergoing acute sleep restriction. We hypothesized that melatonin would mitigate the decline in memory retention and exert a significant, independent effect.

Methods

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design was employed over three days, involving 60 healthy university-aged individuals (30 per group). Participants received either 3 mg melatonin or an identical placebo 30 min before bedtime on two nights of sleep restriction. Short-term memory was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), with adjusted memory retention percentage as the primary outcome. Cognitive ability (WAIS-IV Digit Span) and subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were also measured. Statistical analysis included paired and independent t-tests, and multivariate regression.

Results

Both groups were well-matched at baseline in memory score (p = 0.770), cognitive ability (p = 0.083), and sleep quality (p = 0.708). The placebo group showed a significant decline in memory score from baseline (mean ± standard deviation: 84.06 ± 4.50) to post-intervention (69.00 ± 6.74; t(29) = 16.62,p < 0.001,Cohen′sd = − 3.04). While the melatonin group also experienced a reduction (baseline: 84.40 ± 4.66; post-intervention: 77.48 ± 5.41; t(29) = 10.44,p < 0.001,Cohen′sd = − 1.91), their adjusted memory retention was significantly higher (mean ± standard deviation: 92.19% ± 3.89%) compared to the placebo group (82.00% ± 6.22%; t(58) = 7.60,p < 0.001,Cohen′sd = 1.96). Multivariate regression confirmed that group assignment (melatonin vs. placebo) was a significant predictor of adjusted memory retention (β = 10.35,p < 0.001), while cognitive ability (p = 0.772) and subjective sleep quality (p = 0.293) were not.

Conclusions

Timed melatonin administration effectively mitigated the decline in short-term memory retention during acute sleep restriction in young adults. These findings support the use of melatonin as a potential countermeasure for cognitive deficits associated with sleep deprivation, demonstrating a significant independent effect.