<p>The celebrated Morlet–Burghelea–Lashof–Kirby–Siebenmann smoothing theory theorem states that the group <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Diff}_\partial (D^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mtext>Diff</mtext> <mi>∂</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of diffeomorphisms of a disc&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(D^n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> relative to the boundary is equivalent to <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega ^{n+1}\left( \textrm{PL}_n/\textrm{O}_n\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mtext>PL</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msub> <mtext>O</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for any <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ge 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and to <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega ^{n+1}\left( \textrm{TOP}_n/\textrm{O}_n\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mtext>TOP</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msub> <mtext>O</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ne 4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≠</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We revise smoothing theory results to show that the delooping generalizes to different versions of disc smooth embedding spaces relative to the boundary, namely the usual embeddings, those modulo immersions, and framed embeddings. The latter spaces deloop as <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Emb}_\partial ^{fr}(D^m,D^n)\simeq \Omega ^{m+1}\left( \textrm{O}_n\backslash \!\!\backslash \textrm{PL}_n/\textrm{PL}_{n,m}\right) \simeq \Omega ^{m+1}\left( \textrm{O}_n\backslash \!\!\backslash \textrm{TOP}_n/\textrm{TOP}_{n,m}\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mtext>Emb</mtext> <mi>∂</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">fr</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≃</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mtext>O</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="true">\</mo> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mo stretchy="true">\</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mtext>PL</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msub> <mtext>PL</mtext> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfenced> <mo>≃</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mtext>O</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="true">\</mo> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mo stretchy="true">\</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mtext>TOP</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msub> <mtext>TOP</mtext> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for any <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ge m\ge 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (<InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ne 4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≠</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for the second equivalence), where the left-hand side in the case <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n-m=2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> or <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((n,m)=(4,3)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> should be replaced by the union of the path-components of <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{PL}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mtext>PL</mtext> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-trivial knots (framing being disregarded). Moreover, we show that for <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ne 4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≠</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the delooping is compatible with the Budney <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E_{m+1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-action. We use this delooping to combine the Hatcher <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{O}_{m+1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-action and the Budney <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E_{m+1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-action into a framed little discs operad <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E_{m+1}^{\textrm{O}_{m+1}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <msub> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-action on <InlineEquation ID="IEq18"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Emb}_\partial ^{fr}(D^m,D^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mtext>Emb</mtext> <mi>∂</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">fr</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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On the smoothing theory delooping of disc diffeomorphism and embedding spaces

  • Paolo Salvatore,
  • Victor Turchin

摘要

The celebrated Morlet–Burghelea–Lashof–Kirby–Siebenmann smoothing theory theorem states that the group \(\textrm{Diff}_\partial (D^n)\) Diff ( D n ) of diffeomorphisms of a disc  \(D^n\) D n relative to the boundary is equivalent to \(\Omega ^{n+1}\left( \textrm{PL}_n/\textrm{O}_n\right) \) Ω n + 1 PL n / O n for any \(n\ge 1\) n 1 and to \(\Omega ^{n+1}\left( \textrm{TOP}_n/\textrm{O}_n\right) \) Ω n + 1 TOP n / O n for \(n\ne 4\) n 4 . We revise smoothing theory results to show that the delooping generalizes to different versions of disc smooth embedding spaces relative to the boundary, namely the usual embeddings, those modulo immersions, and framed embeddings. The latter spaces deloop as \(\textrm{Emb}_\partial ^{fr}(D^m,D^n)\simeq \Omega ^{m+1}\left( \textrm{O}_n\backslash \!\!\backslash \textrm{PL}_n/\textrm{PL}_{n,m}\right) \simeq \Omega ^{m+1}\left( \textrm{O}_n\backslash \!\!\backslash \textrm{TOP}_n/\textrm{TOP}_{n,m}\right) \) Emb fr ( D m , D n ) Ω m + 1 O n \ \ PL n / PL n , m Ω m + 1 O n \ \ TOP n / TOP n , m for any \(n\ge m\ge 1\) n m 1 ( \(n\ne 4\) n 4 for the second equivalence), where the left-hand side in the case \(n-m=2\) n - m = 2 or \((n,m)=(4,3)\) ( n , m ) = ( 4 , 3 ) should be replaced by the union of the path-components of \(\textrm{PL}\) PL -trivial knots (framing being disregarded). Moreover, we show that for \(n\ne 4\) n 4 , the delooping is compatible with the Budney \(E_{m+1}\) E m + 1 -action. We use this delooping to combine the Hatcher \(\textrm{O}_{m+1}\) O m + 1 -action and the Budney \(E_{m+1}\) E m + 1 -action into a framed little discs operad \(E_{m+1}^{\textrm{O}_{m+1}}\) E m + 1 O m + 1 -action on \(\textrm{Emb}_\partial ^{fr}(D^m,D^n)\) Emb fr ( D m , D n ) .