<p>In this paper we obtain optimal multipolar Rellich inequality in <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^{N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for biharmonic Schrödinger operator with positive multisingular potentials of the form <Equation ID="Equ32"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} H_{n}:=\Delta ^{2}-\frac{N^{2}(N-4)^{2}}{n^{4}}\sum _{1\le i&lt;j\le n}\frac{\left| a_{i}-a_{j}\right| ^{2}}{|x-a_{i}|^{2}|x-a_{j}|^{2}} \left( \sum _{1\le k&lt;l\le n}\frac{\nu _{k,i,j}\nu _{l,i,j}\left| a_{k}-a_{l}\right| ^{2}}{|x-a_{k}|^{2}|x-a_{l}|^{2}}\right) , \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi>N</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msup> </mfrac> <munder> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </munder> <mfrac> <msup> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <munder> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </munder> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ν</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>ν</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mfenced> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a_{1},\ldots ,a_{n}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>…</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are <i>n</i> different singular poles, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu _{k,i,j}=\frac{N+2n-4}{N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ν</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>n</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> when <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(k=i\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> or <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(k=j\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, otherwise <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu _{k,i,j}=\frac{N-4}{N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ν</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We also prove that the best constant <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{N^{2}(N-4)^{2}}{n^{4}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi>N</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msup> </mfrac> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is attained in <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(D^{2,2}(\mathbb {R}^{N})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ge 3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, but not attained for <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n=2.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> Moreover, we prove the criticality of the biharmonic Schrödinger operator <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H_{n}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ge 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Finally, we get a class of higher-order bipolar Rellich inequality.</p>

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Attainability and criticality for multipolar Rellich inequality

  • Yongyang Jin,
  • Shoufeng Shen,
  • Li Tang

摘要

In this paper we obtain optimal multipolar Rellich inequality in \(\mathbb {R}^{N}\) R N for biharmonic Schrödinger operator with positive multisingular potentials of the form \(\begin{aligned} H_{n}:=\Delta ^{2}-\frac{N^{2}(N-4)^{2}}{n^{4}}\sum _{1\le i<j\le n}\frac{\left| a_{i}-a_{j}\right| ^{2}}{|x-a_{i}|^{2}|x-a_{j}|^{2}} \left( \sum _{1\le k<l\le n}\frac{\nu _{k,i,j}\nu _{l,i,j}\left| a_{k}-a_{l}\right| ^{2}}{|x-a_{k}|^{2}|x-a_{l}|^{2}}\right) , \end{aligned}\) H n : = Δ 2 - N 2 ( N - 4 ) 2 n 4 1 i < j n a i - a j 2 | x - a i | 2 | x - a j | 2 1 k < l n ν k , i , j ν l , i , j a k - a l 2 | x - a k | 2 | x - a l | 2 , where \(a_{1},\ldots ,a_{n}\) a 1 , , a n are n different singular poles, \(\nu _{k,i,j}=\frac{N+2n-4}{N}\) ν k , i , j = N + 2 n - 4 N when \(k=i\) k = i or \(k=j\) k = j , otherwise \(\nu _{k,i,j}=\frac{N-4}{N}\) ν k , i , j = N - 4 N . We also prove that the best constant \(\frac{N^{2}(N-4)^{2}}{n^{4}}\) N 2 ( N - 4 ) 2 n 4 is attained in \(D^{2,2}(\mathbb {R}^{N})\) D 2 , 2 ( R N ) for \(n\ge 3\) n 3 , but not attained for \(n=2.\) n = 2 . Moreover, we prove the criticality of the biharmonic Schrödinger operator \(H_{n}\) H n for \(n\ge 2\) n 2 . Finally, we get a class of higher-order bipolar Rellich inequality.